A wani rahoto da ta fitar a baya-bayan nan, hukumar ta WHO ta yi kira da a haramta wa yara kanana fina-finan da ake ganin jaruman suna shan taba. Amma wannan yaƙin ba ɗaya bane
Shin ya kamata a hana yara kanana fina-finan da ake ganin jaruman suna shan taba? Wannan a kowane hali shine fatan Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO). A cikin rahoton da aka buga a ranar 1er Fabrairu, ta yi iƙirarin a « rarraba shekaru » fina-finan da muke amfani da taba. « Manufar ita ce a hana yara da matasa fara shan taba”, ya nuna WHO, yana mai tabbatar da cewa fim din “Yana sanya miliyoyin matasa bautar taba ".
Taba a cikin kashi 36% na fina-finan yara
Cibiyar Majalisar Dinkin Duniya tana nufin musamman ga binciken da Cibiyar Kula da Cututtuka da Cututtuka ta Atlanta ta gudanar a Amurka. A cewar wannan kungiya, a cikin 2014, kallon yadda ake shan taba a cikin fina-finai zai karfafa yara fiye da miliyan shida na Amurka su zama masu shan taba.
« Miliyan biyu daga cikinsu za su mutu sakamakon cututtuka masu alaka da taba », yayi kashedin hukumar ta WHO, inda ta bayyana cewa a shekara ta 2014 ana shan taba sigari a cikin kashi 44% na fina-finan da ake samarwa a Hollywood. Kuma a cikin kashi 36% na fina-finan da ake nufi da matasa.
Wakilan taba ko da ba tare da hayaki ba
Wannan yunƙurin na WHO ya sami maraba da Michèle Delaunay, ɗan majalisar gurguzu na Gironde, ya ci gaba sosai kan batun. « Yanayin shan taba yana cikin kashi 80% na fina-finan Faransa », ya jaddada mataimakin, wanda ya zana wannan adadi daga wani bincike da kungiyar ta gudanar kan cutar daji.
An buga shi a cikin 2012, an gudanar da wannan binciken akan fina-finai 180 masu nasara da aka fitar tsakanin 2005 zuwa 2010. « A cikin kashi 80 cikin XNUMX na waɗannan fitattun fina-finai, akwai yanayi tare da wakilcin taba. Ko dai tare da adadi masu shan taba ko tare da abubuwa kamar fitulu, ashtrays ko fakitin sigari », ya jadada Yana Dimitrova, manajan aikin a League.
Asali dabarun jeri samfur
Taba a cikin cinema? A gaskiya ma, dogon labari ne na sirri da kuma dogon lokaci da ba a sani ba. Lallai an dauki bullar tarihin manyan kamfanonin tabar taba kafin a gano cewa kamfanonin sun dade suna biyan kayayyakinsu na fitowa a fina-finai.
« Ana kiran wannan wuri samfurin. Kuma yana da tasiri sosai don tallan a hankali ba tare da, galibi, jama'a da ba su sani ba sun gane shi. », ya bayyana Karine Gallopel-Morvan, farfesa na tallan zamantakewa a Makarantar Nazarin Ci gaba a Lafiyar Jama'a a Rennes.
Haɓaka shan taba mata
Wadannan ayyuka sun fara ne a cikin 1930s a Amurka, musamman don bunkasa shan taba mata. « A lokacin, shan taba yana da matukar damuwa ga mace. Kuma fim ɗin ya kasance hanya mai kyau don nuna lada mai ɗorewa kuma wanda ake zaton yana ba da kyauta ta taba ta hanyar sanya shahararrun 'yan wasan kwaikwayo shan taba. », Karine Gallopel-Morvan ta ci gaba.
Bayan yakin, wannan dabara ta ci gaba da bunkasa. « Yana da kyau a yi tunanin cewa fina-finai da mutane sun fi tasiri akan masu amfani fiye da fakitin taba sigari. », an nuna a cikin 1989 daftarin ciki na babban kamfanin taba sigari.
A cikin wani littafi da aka buga a shekara ta 2003, Farfesa Gérard Dubois, likitan lafiyar jama'a, ya bayyana cewa kamfanoni ba su yi jinkirin rufe manyan taurarin fina-finai na Amurka da kyaututtuka (watches, kayan ado, motoci). Ko kuma a kai a kai ba wa ’yan wasan kwaikwayo sigari da suka fi so don shan taba a rayuwa amma kuma a kan allo.
Hoton nesa da gaskiya
A yau, yana da wahala a san ko wannan jeri na samfur, sau da yawa dokar hana shan taba, ta ci gaba da wanzuwa a ƙarƙashin ƙasa. A kowane hali, hukuncin ƙungiyoyi ne waɗanda suka yi imanin cewa fina-finai da yawa suna gabatar da hoton sigari a ko'ina.
Ba tare da la'akari da gaskiyar shan taba ba. « Lokacin da muka ga, a cikin 1950, kashi 70% na maza suna shan taba a cikin fim, al'ada ce. Domin a lokacin, kashi 70% na maza suna shan taba a Faransa. Amma a yau ba ma'ana ba ne har yanzu ana ganin wannan a cikin fim yayin da aka samu kashi 30% a kasarmu. », ya bayyana Emmanuelle Béguinot, darektan kwamitin yaki da shan taba ta kasa (CNCT).
Mutunta 'yancin kirkirar darakta
Wannan hujja ba ta da tushe a cewar Adrien Gombeaud, marubuci kuma dan jarida wanda ya wallafa Taba da cinema. Labarin wani labari (Scope Editions) a cikin 2008. « Wadannan kaso na labaran banza ne. A bisa wannan ka'ida, ya kamata kuma a sami kashi 10% na rashin aikin yi a dukkan fina-finai. Ya bayyana. Kuma idan muka bi tunanin ƙungiyoyi, zai zama dole, a cikin tseren akan allon, motoci ba su wuce iyakar gudu ba. »
A cewar Adrien Gombeaud, fim ba wurin rigakafi ba ne daga ma’aikatar lafiya. « Aiki ne. Kuma dole ne ku mutunta 'yancin kirkirar darakta. Idan muka ga mutane da yawa suna shan taba a cikin fina-finai, saboda yawancin masu shirya fina-finai sun yi imanin cewa taba sigari ko hayakin taba yana da kyakkyawan yanayi. Yana kuma iya zama wani kashi na tsarawa. Misali, lokacin da darakta ya yi harbi a tsaye a kan dan wasan kwaikwayo, gaskiyar cewa yana da taba a hannunsa yana haifar da motsi. Idan ba tare da sigari ba, shirin zai iya zama ɗan mutuwa », ya bayyana Adrien Gombeaud, ya kara da cewa taba kuma hanya ce mai kyau don sanya hali cikin sauri.
« Domin taba sigari alama ce ta zamantakewa. Kuma yadda hali yake shan taba yana nuna alamar matsayinsa nan da nan. Misali, yadda Jean Gabin ya rike sigari a cikin fina-finansa na farko, lokacin da ya kunshi proletariat na Faransa, ba shi da wata alaka da yadda ya sha taba lokacin da ya taka rawar burgewa a kashi na biyu na aikinsa. »
Watsa wuraren hana shan taba kafin fim?
A gefen ƙungiyoyi, muna kare kanmu daga duk wani sha'awar tantancewa. « Ba muna neman jimillar bacewar taba a fina-finai ba. Amma a kai a kai, muna ganin al'amuran da ba su ƙara kome ba a cikin shirin fim ɗin. Misali kusancin kunshin tare da alama a bayyane », in ji Emmanuelle Béguinot.
« Kada a sake ba da tallafin jama'a ga fina-finan da ke tallata taba ta wannan hanyar », in ji Michele Delaunay. Don Karine Gallopel-Morvan, dole ne a haɓaka rigakafi. « Mutum zai iya tunanin cewa kafin kowane fim ɗin "mai hayaki", za a watsa wani wurin hana shan taba ko kuma wayar da kan jama'a ga matasa masu kallo. »
► TABA A CIKIN FIM NA WAJE
A cewar WHO, tsakanin 2002 da 2014, hotunan shan taba sun fito a kusan kashi biyu cikin uku (59%) na manyan fina-finan Amurka. Rahoton ya kuma nuna cewa a Iceland da Ajantina, fina-finai tara cikin goma da aka yi, ciki har da fina-finan da ake yi wa matasa, sun nuna yadda ake shan taba.
source : la-croix.com
