A yayin bikin ranar hana shan taba ta duniya, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta buga ta Eurobarometer 2017 kuma" halin Turawa game da taba da sigari na lantarki“. A cikin shirinta na share fage ga rahoton, Hukumar ta bayyana cewa, shan taba shi ne babban hatsarin da za a iya kaucewa daga lafiya a cikin Tarayyar Turai kuma yana haifar da mutuwar mutane 700 a kowace shekara. Kimanin kashi 000% na masu shan taba suna mutuwa da wuri, wanda ke haifar da asarar shekaru 50 na rayuwa a matsakaici. Bugu da kari, masu shan sigari suma sun fi kamuwa da wasu cututtuka sakamakon shan taba da suke yi da suka hada da cututtukan zuciya da na numfashi.
EUROBAROMETER: JIHAR WASA A TURAI
Tarayyar Turai da Membobinta sun yi aiki don rage shan taba ta hanyar matakai daban-daban, ciki har da kayyade kayan sigari, hana tallan sigari, kafa wuraren da babu hayaki da hana shan taba.
Wasu daga cikin sabbin tsare-tsare na baya-bayan nan sun haɗa da dokar da aka sabunta ta Samfuran Taba, wadda ta fara aiki a cikin ƙasashe mambobi a ranar 20 ga Mayu, 2016. Umarnin ya tanadi matakai daban-daban, gami da fitattun gargaɗin kiwon lafiya na hoto akan fakitin taba sigari da narkar da sigari, haka kuma an haramta sigari da narkar da-naku taba tare da characterizing dadin dandano. Manufar Dokar Kayayyakin Taba ita ce sauƙaƙe ayyukan kasuwancin cikin gida tare da kare lafiyar jama'a da, musamman, kare jama'a daga illolin shan taba, da kuma taimakawa masu shan taba su daina.
Hukumar Tarayyar Turai na gudanar da zaben jin ra'ayin jama'a akai-akai don sanya ido kan halayen Turawa game da batutuwan da suka shafi taba. Wannan bincike shi ne na baya-bayan nan a cikin jerin abubuwan da aka gudanar tun shekara ta 2003 tare da bincike na karshe a shekarar 2014. Babban makasudin wadannan binciken shi ne tantance yawan shan taba da shan taba a wurare don gano dalilan da ke haifar da shan taba. don taimakawa wajen gano matakan da za su iya rage yawan masu shan taba a cikin EU. Baya ga waɗannan jigogi na gabaɗaya, binciken na yanzu ya kuma bincika amfani da tallan sigari na lantarki (e-cigare).
EUROBAROMETER: WANENE NAKE GANE MASU SHAN TABA A TURAI A 2017?
Kafin mu yi magana game da babban batun da ke ba mu sha'awa, watau sigari ta lantarki, bari mu kalli bayanan da aka samu a cikin wannan Eurobarometer game da shan taba. Na farko, mun koyi cewa jimillar masu shan sigari a cikin Tarayyar Turai sun tsaya tsayin daka (26%) tun daga bara na karshe a cikin 2014.
- kwata (26%) na masu amsa suna shan taba (daidai da a cikin 2014), yayin da 20% tsoffin masu shan taba ne. Fiye da rabi (53%) ban taba shan taba ba. An sami karuwar amfani a cikin rukunin shekaru 15-24 tun daga 2014 (daga 24% zuwa 29%).
- Akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a cikin amfani a cikin EU tare da haɓaka ƙimar shan taba a Kudancin Turai. Fiye da kashi ɗaya bisa uku na waɗanda suka amsa a Girka (37%), Bulgaria (36%), Faransa (36%) da Croatia (35%) masu shan sigari ne. A gefe guda kuma, adadin masu shan taba shine kashi 7% a Sweden da 17% a Burtaniya.
– Maza (30%) sun fi yawan shan taba fiye da mata (22%), haka kuma mutane masu shekaru 15 zuwa 24 (29%) idan aka kwatanta da mutane masu shekaru 55 ko sama da (18%).
- Sama da kashi 90% na masu shan sigari suna amfani da taba kowace rana, tare da mafi yawan zabar fakitin taba sigari. Masu shan taba yau da kullun suna shan matsakaicin sigari 14 a kowace rana (14,7 a cikin 2014 idan aka kwatanta da 14,1 a cikin 2017), amma akwai bambance-bambance masu ban mamaki tsakanin ƙasashe.
– Yawancin masu shan sigari sun fara shan taba tun kafin su kai shekaru 18 kuma su daina shan taba da zarar sun girma. Fiye da rabin (52%) na masu shan taba sun sami wannan dabi'a kafin su kai shekaru 18, wanda ba ya bambanta sosai a Turai. A mafi yawan lokuta (76%), masu shan taba suna ci gaba da shan taba har tsawon shekaru 10 bayan farawa.
Yawancin tsofaffin masu shan taba sun daina shan taba a tsakiyar shekaru: ko dai tsakanin 25 zuwa 39 (38%) ko tsakanin 40 zuwa 54 (30%). Fiye da rabin (52%) na masu shan taba a halin yanzu sun yi ƙoƙari su daina, tare da mutanen arewacin Turai sun fi yin ƙoƙari su daina shan taba fiye da takwarorinsu na kudancin Turai. Yawancin (75%) na waɗanda suka yi ƙoƙari ko suka yi nasara a daina ba su yi amfani da taimakon daina shan taba ba, amma a duk ƙasashe yana kama daga 60% na masu amsawa a Burtaniya zuwa 90% a Spain.
Game da Snus, ana amfani da shi kaɗan sai a Sweden, inda aka ba shi izini a wasu wurare, haka ma a cikin ƙasar kashi 50% na masu amsa sun ce sun riga sun gwada shi.
EUROBAROMETER: AMFANIN SIGARA DA E-CIGARET A CIKIN KUNGIYAR TURAI
To yaya game da alkalumman wannan Eurobarometer 2017 game da sigari na lantarki? Muhimmin bayani shine na farko tun daga 2014, adadin waɗanda suka gwada aƙalla e-cigare ya karu (15% akan 12% a cikin 2014).
- Adadin masu amsawa waɗanda a halin yanzu suke amfani da sigari e-cigare (2%) sun tsaya tsayin daka tun 2014.
- Sama da rabin (55%) na masu amsa sun yi imanin cewa sigari na lantarki yana da illa ga lafiyar masu amfani da su. Wannan rabon ya ƙaru kaɗan tun daga 2014 (+3 maki).
- Yawancin masu amfani da sigari na e-cigare sun ɗauki ƙoƙari don hana shan taba, amma ya yi aiki ga tsiraru kawai
Yawancin (61%) na waɗanda suka fara amfani da sigari na lantarki sun yi hakan ne don hana shan taba. Wasu kuma sun yi hakan ne saboda suna ganin sigari na lantarki ya fi koshin lafiya (31%) ko kuma don yana da arha (25%). Wasu tsiraru ne kawai (14%) sun ce sun daina shan taba gaba daya don amfani da sigari ta e-cigare, inda kashi 10% suka ce sun daina amma sun sake farawa, kuma 17% sun ce sun rage shan taba ba tare da wannan ba don barin matsayin mai shan taba.
Kusan kashi 44 cikin 7 na masu amsa sun ga tallace-tallacen sigari na e-cigare, amma kashi 65 ne kawai ke ganin su akai-akai. Waɗannan tallace-tallacen sun fi fice a cikin Burtaniya (63%) da Ireland (XNUMX%).
Yawancin (63%) sun yarda da hana amfani da sigari na e-cigare a wuraren da aka riga aka kafa dokar hana shan taba, wanda wannan adadi ya kai kusan 8 cikin 10 masu amsa a Finland (79%) da Lithuania (78%). Yawancin dangi suna goyan bayan gabatarwar "marufi bayyananniya" (46% yana goyon bayan 37% akan) da kuma hana nuni a wurin siyarwa (56% akan 33%) kuma suna goyan bayan dakatar da abubuwan dandano a cikin e-cigare (40% a yarda da 37% adawa).
Ma'auni na zamantakewa da al'umma
Game da masu amsawa waɗanda suka riga sun gwada sigari na lantarki:
– Maza (17%) sun fi mata dan kadan (12%) a ce sun gwada ta e-cigare a kalla.
– Kashi hudu na matasa aƙalla sun gwada sigari ta e-cigare, kamar yadda 21% na mutanen da ke tsakanin shekaru 25 zuwa 39 ke da. Idan aka kwatanta, kashi 6% na waɗanda suka amsa shekaru 55 zuwa sama sun yi haka.
- Masu ba da amsa waɗanda suka bar karatun cikakken lokaci suna da shekaru 20 ko sama (14%) sun ɗan fi ɗan gwada gwajin e-cigare fiye da waɗanda suka bar shekaru 15 ko sama da haka (8%).
- Marasa aikin yi (25%), ma'aikatan hannu (20%), ɗalibai (19%) da masu zaman kansu (18%) sun fi iya gwada sigari ta e-cigare.
– Waɗanda ke da wahalar biyan kuɗinsu, sun fi samun aƙalla gwada sigari ta e-cigare (23%), musamman idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su taɓa samun irin wannan matsalolin ba ko kuma da wuya (12%).
– Ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa masu shan taba (37%) sun fi gwada sigari na lantarki idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda ba su taɓa shan taba ba (3%).
- Kusan rabin masu amsawa waɗanda suka yi ƙoƙarin daina shan taba sun gwada sigari ta e-cigare (47%).
Yawancin masu shan sigari ba su da yuwuwar gwada sigar e-cigare: kusan rabin waɗanda suka sha tabar shekaru 5 ko ƙasa da haka sun gwada su (48-51%), idan aka kwatanta da 13-29% na waɗanda suka sha taba tun sama da 20. shekaru.
– Masu shan taba na lokaci-lokaci (42%) sun ɗan fi gwada sigari e-cigare fiye da masu shan taba yau da kullun (32%).
Daga cikin wadanda ke amfani da taba sigari, galibi suna amfani da su a kowace rana, inda kashi biyu cikin uku (67%) ke ba da wannan amsar. Wani na biyar (20%) yana yin haka a kowane mako, yayin da ƙasa da ɗaya cikin goma ke amfani da su kowane wata (7%) ko ƙasa da sau ɗaya a wata (6%). Gabaɗaya, wannan yana nufin cewa kashi 1% na masu amsawa a duk faɗin EU sune masu amfani da sigari na yau da kullun.
Wane irin dandano ne vapers ke amfani da shi a cikin Tarayyar Turai?
Daga cikin waɗanda a halin yanzu suke amfani da e-cigare aƙalla sau ɗaya a wata, ɗanɗanon da ya fi shahara ya kasance 'ya'yan itace, wanda kusan rabin (47%) na masu amsa sun ambata. Dandan taba (36%) ya ɗan ragu kaɗan, sannan menthol ko mint (22%) da ɗanɗanon “alewa” (18%) ya biyo baya. E-liquids masu ɗanɗanon barasa sune mafi ƙanƙanta, waɗanda kashi 2% kawai na masu amsa suka bayyana, yayin da ƴan tsiraru (3%) kuma sun ambaci wasu abubuwan dandano da ba a bayyana ba.
Hudu cikin mata goma (44%) sun fi son dandanon taba, idan aka kwatanta da kasa da kashi uku (32%) na maza. Hakanan, e-ruwa masu ɗanɗanon 'ya'yan itace sun fi shahara a tsakanin maza, tare da fiye da rabin (53%) suna nuna fifikon wannan ɗanɗanon, idan aka kwatanta da sama da kashi uku (34%) na mata.
E-cigare, taimakon daina shan taba ?
Yawancin masu shan sigari da tsoffin masu shan taba da suke amfani da ko kuma sun yi amfani da sigari na lantarki sun ce waɗannan na'urori ba su taimaka musu wajen rage shan taba ba. Sama da rabin (52%) na masu amsa sun ba da wannan amsar, sama da kashi bakwai cikin ɗari daga adadin da aka rubuta a cikin binciken Disamba 2014.
Kashi 14% na masu amsa sun ce yin amfani da sigari na e-cigarette ya ba su damar daina shan taba gaba ɗaya, adadi bai canza ba tun bayan binciken da ya gabata. Fiye da ɗaya cikin goma (10%) sun ce tare da amfani da sigari na e-cigare, sun daina shan taba na ɗan lokaci, kafin su dawo. Wannan adadi ya ragu da kashi uku cikin dari tun bayan binciken da ya gabata. Kusan kashi biyar (17%) na masu amsa sun rage shan taba da sigari ta e-cigare, amma ba su daina shan taba ba. A ƙarshe, ƙananan ƴan tsiraru (5%) na masu amsa sun ƙara yawan shan taba bayan sun yi amfani da sigari na lantarki.
Sigari na e-cigare, damuwa ko fa'ida ?
Yawancin masu amsa sun yi imanin cewa sigari na lantarki yana da illa ga lafiyar masu amfani da su. Fiye da rabi (55%) suna amsa wannan tambaya a cikin tabbatacce, haɓaka da kashi uku cikin ɗari tun bayan binciken da ya gabata. Kasa da uku cikin goma (28%) suna tunanin sigari na e-cigare ba shi da lahani kuma 17% na masu amsa ba su sani ba ko suna da illa ko a'a.
Anan akwai bambance-bambance masu mahimmanci a matakin ƙasa game da fahimtar sigar e-cigare a matakin lafiya. A cikin duka sai ƙasashe shida, aƙalla rabin waɗanda suka amsa suna ganin suna da illa. A cikin ƙasashe bakwai, fiye da kashi uku cikin huɗu (75%) na masu amsa suna kallon sigari e-cigare a matsayin cutarwa, tare da babban rabo musamman a Latvia (80%), Lithuania (80%), Finland (81%) da Netherlands (85%) ). Italiya ta yi fice tare da ƙarancin adadin masu amsawa waɗanda ke tunanin sigari e-cigare na da illa, sama da kashi uku (34%).
E-cigare da talla
An tambayi wadanda suka amsa ko, a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata, sun ga wani tallace-tallace ko tallace-tallace na e-cigare ko makamantansu. Yawancin (53%) na masu amsa sun ce ba su ga tallace-tallace na e-cigare ko makamantansu ba a cikin watanni 12 da suka gabata. Yayin da kashi biyar (20%) na masu amsa suna ganin waɗannan tallace-tallace lokaci zuwa lokaci, kuma kusan kusan (17%) sun gan su amma da wuya, ƙasa da ɗaya cikin goma (7%) na masu amsa sun gansu sau da yawa.
EUROBAROMETER: MENENE MAFITA GA WANNAN RAHOTO NA 2017?
A cewar Hukumar Tarayyar Turai, ana samun koma-baya a harkar shan sigari na tsawon shekaru da dama a Turai, ko da yake hakan ya tsaya cik tun daga shekarar 2014. Duk da wannan nasarar da aka samu, karin kashi daya bisa hudu na al'ummar Turai na ci da shan taba. Wannan hoton na gaba daya ya kuma boye bambance-bambancen da suka shafi kasa, inda mutane a kasashen kudancin Turai suka fi shan taba, yayin da mutanen arewacin Turai suka fi samun nasarar daina shan taba. Bugu da ƙari, ƙayyadaddun al'amuran zamantakewa da al'umma sun ci gaba: maza, matasa, marasa aikin yi, masu ƙarancin kuɗi, da waɗanda ke da ƙananan matakan ilimi sun fi dacewa su sake shiga taba fiye da na sauran kungiyoyin zamantakewa. .
Game da sigari na lantarki, Hukumar Tarayyar Turai ta fahimci cewa akwai gagarumin goyon bayan jama'a don ci gaba da hana amfani da sigari a cikin gida. Kusan kashi biyu bisa uku na masu amsa suna goyon bayan irin wannan haramcin, kodayake kusan kashi ɗaya na masu amfani da sigari sun saba wa ra'ayin. Ta kuma lura cewa yawancin masu amsa sun yi imani da hana abubuwan dandano na e-ruwa duk da cewa wannan yunƙurin ya kasance maras farin jini tsakanin masu amfani da sigari.
Don tuntuɓar duk takaddun "Eurobarometer", je zuwa wannan adireshin don saukewa.
