Ke hoʻomau nei ka ulu ʻana o kāna kūleʻa, e komo pū ana ma Switzerland. A ʻo kona maikaʻi i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka uahi, ʻoiai ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia, ua hōʻoia ʻia e nā loea he nui.
Mai ka ʻono mint maʻamau a hiki i ka enigmatic "Orleans" a i ʻole "Moscow", ʻoi aku ma mua o 8000 mau ʻono o nā wai no nā paka uila i loaʻa i kēia lā, e like me nā helu mai ka World Health Organization (WHO), a aia ma ka honua ma mua o 460 nā mea hana o nā mea uila uila. Ua lilo kēia hana, i loko o ʻelua mau makahiki wale nō, he ʻano pilikanaka maoli. Aia ma Switzerland kahi i puka mai ai kekahi mau hui o nā vapers, e like me Helvetic Vape a i ʻole Vap-Romandie.
Nui nā hoʻololi ʻana ma nā forum vaping e pili ana i ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ulaula. Hōʻike nā kiʻi i ka hapa nui o nā mea hoʻohana i ka e-cigarette e hōʻemi a hoʻōki paha i kā lākou ʻai paka. A, no ka hapa nui o nā vapers, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia ʻano ma mua o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana nicotine a i ʻole ka gum. "Ua ola kēia mau huahana no kanakolu a kanahā mau makahiki akā ʻaʻole i hiki ke hoʻoikaika i ke kūʻai ʻana i ka cigakeke e like me ka hana ʻana o nā cigakeke uila i kēia lā", wahi a Jean-François Etter, ke poʻo o ka hui Prevention o ka Institute of Global Health mai ke Kulanui o Geneva. .
Akā ʻaʻole i ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka e-cigarettes no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka puhi paka, ʻoiai ma muli o ka nele o ka ʻikepili lapaʻau e hōʻike ana i kona pono. ʻO kekahi mau hana i paʻi ʻia ma 2014 ua hoʻōla hou i ka makaʻu e pili ana i kona palekana. I ka lā Dekemaba i hala, ua hoʻopuka ʻia ka hōʻike e ka Japanese National Institute of Public Health i ka mahu o ka e-cigarettes i loko o nā mea carcinogenic e like me nā mea i loko o ka uahi paka, e like me formaldehyde a i ʻole acrolein. Akā, ua nīnau ʻia ke ʻano o kēia hana e kekahi mau loea. ʻO ka mīkini i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻohālike i ka vaping ua hoʻoponopono ʻia no nā cigakeke maʻamau, akā ʻaʻole mākou e puhi i ka wā e vape ai mākou, ʻokoʻa ka pinepine a me ka nui o nā puffs, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike i nā ana i lawe ʻia.
I ka hopena o ʻAukake, ua hōʻike ka WHO i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ma ka ʻōlelo ʻana "e hoʻonui ka paka uila i ka hōʻike ʻana o ka poʻe ʻaʻole puhipuhi a me nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu i ka nicotine a me kekahi mau mea ʻawaʻawa" a ʻo "nā paka uila e hoʻopilikia i nā ʻōpio a me nā pēpē e hoʻohana ai nā makuahine. keia mau huahana'. ʻO nā manaʻo manaʻo i hoʻonui ʻia e kekahi poʻe loea. "Ua kāhāhā mākou i ka leo maikaʻi ʻole o ka hōʻike a ʻike ʻia he alakaʻi hewa ia a ʻaʻole i hōʻike pololei i ka ʻikepili i loaʻa," wahi a Ann McNeill, he kaukaʻi ma ka National Center for Addiction ma King's College London, ma ka Addiction magazine.
Hoʻohui haʻahaʻa
ʻO ka paʻi ʻana, ma Dekemaba 17, e ka Cochrane Review koʻikoʻi (ʻoihana kūʻokoʻa ʻole e hāʻawi ana i nā loiloi ʻōnaehana o ka palapala ʻepekema) o kahi synthesis mua o ka palapala ʻepekema ma ka e-cigarettes hiki ke holomua i ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa. Manaʻo nā mea kākau he mea hana pono ka e-cigarette no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka paka. Ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā wai i loko o ka nicotine, 9% o nā mea hoʻohana i haʻalele i ka puhi paka i loko o hoʻokahi makahiki a ʻo 36% i hōʻemi i kā lākou ʻai. "He haʻahaʻa ka helu o nā haʻawina i kēia synthesis (ʻumikūmākolu, memo a ka mea hoʻoponopono), a ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ka maikaʻi o ka ʻikepili, e like me ka mea a nā mea kākau i kuhikuhi ai, wahi a Jacques Cornuz, ka luna o ka University Medical Policlinic o ka Vaudois University Hospital Center. . Akā he mea koʻikoʻi ka lawe ʻana o kēia ʻoihana kaulana i ke kumuhana a hoʻomau i ka nānā ʻana i nā puke e hiki mai ana.
ʻO kahi haʻawina i alakaʻi pū ʻia e nā kulanui o Geneva a me Richmond (United States), i paʻi ʻia ma ka lā 22 o Dekemaba i loko o ka puke pai Drug and Alcohol Dependence, hōʻike ʻia ʻo nā paka uila me ka nicotine ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka paka paka, a e like me, a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi, addictive. ma mua o ka nicotine gum. Nā hualoaʻa i manaʻo ʻia he "hōʻoluʻolu" e Jean-François Etter, nāna i pūlima pū i kēia puke. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei ka loea paka mai Geneva "hoʻokahi o ʻelua mau mea puhi paka ʻaʻole e ho'ōki i ka puhi paka e make i ka paka" a "inā mau ka maopopo ʻole e pili ana i nā hopena lōʻihi o ka e-cigarettes, no ka poʻe i puhi i ka paka, hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi nui. o nā pilikia”. Ua loiloi a helu ʻia kahi noiʻi hou i nā pilikia o nā huahana i loaʻa i ka nicotine. Ma kahi pālākiō o nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa, aia ka cigakeke ma 100, ʻo ka e-cigarette ma 4.
ʻAʻole koke ʻia ʻo Nicotine i ke kānāwai
I mua o ka hoʻonui nui ʻana o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā e-cigarettes ma Switzerland, ua hana kekahi mau loea he kanahā i hoʻonohonoho ʻia e Professor Jacques Cornuz mai Kepakemapa 2013 i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻōlelo paipai. Aia ma ka hopena o kēia Swiss Vap Study i kū ai ka Federal Council i kona kūlana i ka Mei i hala ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke kānāwai: hiki ke kūʻai ʻia nā e-cigarettes a me nā wai i loko o ka nicotine ma Switzerland i loko o ʻelua a ʻehā makahiki. Eia naʻe, pono e huki ʻia ka manaʻo o nā mea hoʻohana i kēia mau wai i ka pōʻino o ka huahana no nā keiki.
I ka makahiki 2014, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ma mua o 3500 mau hihia o ka make a me ka hihia make mua. ʻO ka nicotine concentrated he neurotoxin ikaika a ʻo ka like me ka spoonful o ka e-liquid hiki ke make i nā kamaliʻi.
E pili ana i ka puhi paka ʻana, e pili pū ke kānāwai federal i nā paka uila: me ka nicotine a i ʻole ka nicotine, pāpā ʻia ka vaping ma nā wahi paʻa i hiki i ka lehulehu. Pono e hui hou nā poʻe loea o ka Swiss Vap Study i ka makahiki 2015 e loiloi hou i kā lākou mau ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo ma muli o nā ʻikepili hou i paʻi ʻia.
kahi : lematin.ch/
