Nyob rau lub sijhawm World No Tobacco Day, European Commission tau tshaj tawm nws Eurobarometer 2017 hais txog " tus cwj pwm ntawm Europeans rau luam yeeb thiab hluav taws xob luam yeeb". Hauv nws qhov kev ua ntej rau tsab ntawv ceeb toom, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas tau hais tias kev haus luam yeeb tseem yog qhov tseem ceeb tiv thaiv kev noj qab haus huv hauv European Union thiab yog lub luag haujlwm rau 700 tus neeg tuag txhua xyoo. Nyob ib ncig ntawm 000% ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb tuag ntxov ntxov, poob qhov nruab nrab ntawm 50 xyoo ntawm lub neej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg haus luam yeeb kuj muaj feem cuam tshuam ntau dua los ntawm qee yam kab mob vim lawv haus luam yeeb, suav nrog cov kab mob plawv thiab ua pa.
EUROBAROMETER: LUB STATE NTAWM EUROPEAN UNION
Cov European Union thiab nws cov tswvcuab hauv lub xeev tau ua haujlwm los txo kev haus luam yeeb los ntawm ntau yam kev ntsuas, suav nrog kev tswj hwm cov khoom lag luam luam yeeb, txwv tsis pub tshaj tawm cov khoom lag luam luam yeeb, tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig tsis muaj pa luam yeeb thiab tiv thaiv kev haus luam yeeb.
Qee qhov kev pib tshiab tsis ntev los no suav nrog Cov Lus Qhia Txog Cov Khoom Haus Luam Hloov Kho, uas tau dhau los siv rau hauv cov tswvcuab hauv lub Tsib Hlis 20, 2016. Cov lus qhia tau muab rau ntau yam kev ntsuas, suav nrog cov lus ceeb toom tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov pob ntawv luam yeeb thiab dov luam yeeb, nrog rau kev txwv. ntawm luam yeeb thiab dov luam yeeb nrog characterizing flavors. Lub hom phiaj ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Luam Yeeb yog los pab txhawb kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev lag luam sab hauv thaum tiv thaiv pej xeem kev noj qab haus huv thiab, tshwj xeeb, tiv thaiv pej xeem tiv thaiv kev phom sij ntawm kev haus luam yeeb, nrog rau pab cov neeg haus luam yeeb tso tseg.
Cov European Commission tsis tu ncua ua rau pej xeem lub tswv yim kev xaiv tsa los saib xyuas cov neeg European tus cwj pwm ntawm ntau yam teeb meem txog kev haus luam yeeb. Qhov kev tshawb fawb no yog qhov tsis ntev los no nyob rau hauv ib series uas tau ua txij li xyoo 2003 nrog rau qhov kev tshawb fawb zaum kawg hauv xyoo 2014. Lub hom phiaj ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb no yog los soj ntsuam qhov muaj feem ntau ntawm kev haus luam yeeb thiab raug cov pa luam yeeb nyob rau hauv cov chaw pej xeem, tshawb nrhiav cov kev txhawb siab uas ua rau txhawm rau haus luam yeeb txhawm rau pab txheeb xyuas cov kev ntsuas uas tuaj yeem txo cov neeg haus luam yeeb hauv EU. Ntxiv rau cov ntsiab lus dav dav no, kev tshawb nrhiav tam sim no tseem tshawb nrhiav kev siv thiab tshaj tawm cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob (e-luam yeeb).
EUROBAROMETER: YUAV UA LI CAS YUAV TSUM TAU TXAIS NYIAJ NYIAJ HAUV LUB UNION hauv 2017?
Ua ntej kev soj ntsuam nrog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas peb nyiam, uas yog hais txog cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob, cia peb ua tib zoo saib cov ntaub ntawv pom hauv Eurobarometer no txog kev haus luam yeeb. Ua ntej tshaj, peb kawm qhov ntawd tag nrho cov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb hauv European Union tau nyob ruaj khov (26%) txij li qhov ntsuas ntsuas kawg hauv xyoo 2014.
- Ib quarter (26%) ntawm cov neeg teb yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb (ib yam li xyoo 2014), thaum 20% yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb yav dhau los. Ntau tshaj ib nrab (53%) yeej tsis haus luam yeeb. Kev nce ntxiv hauv cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 15 txog 24 xyoo tau pom txij li xyoo 2014 (los ntawm 24% mus rau 29%).
- Muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv kev noj mov thoob plaws EU nrog cov neeg haus luam yeeb ntau dua nyob rau yav qab teb Europe. Ntau tshaj li ib feem peb ntawm cov neeg teb hauv tebchaws Greece (37%), Bulgaria (36%), Fabkis (36%) thiab Croatia (35%) yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb yog 7% hauv Sweden thiab 17% hauv tebchaws United Kingdom.
- Cov txiv neej (30%) feem ntau haus luam yeeb ntau dua cov poj niam (22%), xws li cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 15 txog 24 (29%) piv rau cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 55 lossis laus dua (18%).
- Ntau tshaj 90% ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb haus luam yeeb txhua hnub, nrog rau feem ntau xaiv cov ntim cov luam yeeb npaj txhij. Cov neeg haus luam yeeb niaj hnub haus luam yeeb nruab nrab ntawm 14 luam yeeb hauv ib hnub (14,7 hauv 2014 piv rau 14,1 hauv 2017), tab sis muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm cov teb chaws.
- Feem coob ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb pib haus luam yeeb ua ntej hnub nyoog 18 xyoo thiab tso tseg kev haus luam yeeb thaum lawv dhau los ua neeg laus. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab (52%) ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb tau tsim tus cwj pwm haus luam yeeb ua ntej hnub nyoog 18 xyoo, uas tsis txawv ntau hauv Tebchaws Europe. Feem ntau (76%), cov neeg haus luam yeeb txuas ntxiv haus luam yeeb yam tsawg kawg 10 xyoo tom qab pib.
- Feem ntau cov neeg haus luam yeeb yav dhau los txiav luam yeeb hauv hnub nyoog nruab nrab: nruab nrab ntawm 25 thiab 39 xyoo (38%) lossis nruab nrab ntawm 40 thiab 54 xyoo (30%). Ntau tshaj li ib nrab (52%) ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb tam sim no tau sim txiav luam yeeb, nrog cov neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe feem ntau yuav sim txiav luam yeeb dua li lawv cov koom nrog hauv Southern Europe. Feem ntau (75%) ntawm cov neeg uas sim lossis ua tiav hauv kev txiav luam yeeb tsis siv ib qho kev pab txiav luam yeeb, tab sis thoob plaws lub tebchaws no txawv ntawm 60% ntawm cov neeg teb hauv tebchaws Askiv mus rau 90% hauv Spain.
Hais txog Snus, nws siv tsawg heev tshwj tsis yog hauv Sweden, qhov twg nws tau tso cai, ntxiv rau hauv lub tebchaws 50% ntawm cov neeg teb hais tias lawv tau sim nws lawm.
EUROBAROMETER: Kev Siv E-luam yeeb hauv Tebchaws Europe
Yog li dab tsi txog cov nuj nqis ntawm no 2017 Eurobarometer hais txog hluav taws xob luam yeeb? Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb yog thawj zaug txij li xyoo 2014, qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg uas tau sim e-luam yeeb tau nce ntxiv (15% piv rau 12% hauv 2014).
- Qhov feem pua ntawm cov neeg teb uas tam sim no siv e-luam yeeb (2%) tau nyob ruaj khov txij li xyoo 2014.
- Ntau tshaj li ib nrab (55%) ntawm cov neeg teb xav tias cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob muaj kev phom sij rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lawv cov neeg siv. Qhov kev faib ua feem no tau nce me ntsis txij li xyoo 2014 (+ 3 feem pua cov ntsiab lus).
- Feem ntau cov neeg siv e-luam yeeb pib sim txwv lawv cov kev haus luam yeeb, tab sis qhov no tsuas yog ua haujlwm rau cov neeg tsawg xwb
Feem ntau (61%) ntawm cov uas pib siv e-luam yeeb tau ua li ntawd txhawm rau txhawm rau txwv lawv cov kev haus luam yeeb. Lwm tus tau ua li ntawd vim lawv suav tias cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob muaj kev noj qab haus huv (31%) lossis vim lawv pheej yig dua (25%). Tsuas yog cov neeg tsawg tsawg (14%) tau hais tias lawv tau txiav luam yeeb tag nrho rau kev siv e-luam yeeb, nrog 10% hais tias lawv tau nres tab sis pib dua, thiab 17% hais tias lawv tau txo kev haus luam yeeb yam tsis muaj kev txiav luam yeeb.
Kwv yees li 44% ntawm cov neeg teb tau pom cov ntawv tshaj tawm rau e-luam yeeb, tab sis tsuas yog 7% tau pom lawv ntau zaus. Cov kev tshaj tawm no tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv tebchaws United Kingdom (65%) thiab Ireland (63%).
Feem ntau (63%) pom zoo txwv tsis pub siv e-luam yeeb nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas txwv tsis pub haus luam yeeb twb nyob rau hauv qhov chaw, nrog rau daim duab no mus txog yuav luag 8 ntawm 10 tus neeg teb hauv Finland (79%) thiab Lithuania (78%). Ib tug txheeb ze feem coob yog pom zoo rau kev taw qhia ntawm "cov ntim yooj yim" (46% pom zoo tawm tsam 37% tawm tsam) thiab kev txwv tsis pub tso tawm ntawm qhov muag (56% tawm tsam 33%) thiab pom zoo txwv tsis pub khoom noj hauv e-luam yeeb (40% pom zoo piv rau 37% tawm tsam).
Socio-demographic parameters
Hais txog cov neeg teb uas twb tau sim cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob:
- Cov txiv neej (17%) muaj feem ntau dua li poj niam (12%) hais tias lawv tau sim tsawg kawg e-luam yeeb.
- Ib feem peb ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas muaj tsawg kawg tau sim e-luam yeeb, raws li muaj 21% ntawm cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 25 txog 39 xyoo. Hauv kev sib piv, 6% ntawm cov neeg teb hnub nyoog 55 thiab tshaj sau tau ua li ntawd.
- Cov neeg teb xov tooj uas tau tso tseg kev kawm puv sij hawm thaum muaj hnub nyoog 20 lossis laus dua (14%) muaj feem ntau me ntsis yuav tsum tau sim e-luam yeeb tsawg dua li cov neeg uas muaj hnub nyoog 15 xyoo lossis laus dua (8%).
- Cov neeg poob hauj lwm (25%), cov neeg ua hauj lwm tuav (20%), cov tub ntxhais kawm (19%) thiab cov neeg ua hauj lwm tus kheej (18%) muaj feem yuav tau sim e-luam yeeb
- Cov neeg uas muaj teeb meem them lawv cov nqi yuav muaj tsawg kawg yog sim e-luam yeeb (23%), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog piv rau cov uas tsis tau lossis yuav luag tsis muaj teeb meem no (12%).
- Nws tsis yog qhov xav tsis thoob tias cov neeg haus luam yeeb (37%) muaj feem ntau yuav sim cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob piv rau cov uas tsis tau haus luam yeeb (3%).
- Ze li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg teb uas tau sim txiav luam yeeb kuj tau sim e-luam yeeb (47%).
- Cov neeg haus luam yeeb tau tsim muaj tsawg dua yuav sim e-luam yeeb: kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb rau 5 xyoos lossis tsawg dua tau sim lawv (48-51%), piv rau 13-29% ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb ntau dua 20 xyoo.
- Qee zaus cov neeg haus luam yeeb (42%) feem ntau yuav sim e-luam yeeb dua li cov neeg haus luam yeeb txhua hnub (32%).
Ntawm cov neeg siv e-luam yeeb, feem ntau siv lawv txhua hnub, nrog ob feem peb (67%) muab cov lus teb no. Lwm qhov thib tsib (20%) ua li ntawd txhua lub lim tiam, thaum tsawg dua ib ntawm kaum siv lawv txhua hli (7%) lossis tsawg dua ib hlis (6%). Zuag qhia tag nrho, qhov no txhais tau tias tsuas yog 1% ntawm cov neeg teb thoob plaws EU tag nrho yog cov neeg siv e-luam yeeb txhua hnub.
Dab tsi flavors yog siv los ntawm vapers nyob rau hauv European Union?
Ntawm cov neeg uas tam sim no siv e-luam yeeb tsawg kawg ib hlis ib zaug, qhov nrov tshaj plaws tsw yog txiv hmab txiv ntoo, hais los ntawm yuav luag ib nrab (47%) ntawm cov neeg teb. Haus luam yeeb tsw (36%) yog me ntsis nrov, ua raws li menthol los yog mint (22%) thiab "khoom qab zib" flavors (18%). Cawv-flavored e-kua yog qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, tseem ceeb los ntawm tsuas yog 2% ntawm cov neeg teb, thaum cov neeg tsawg tsawg (3%) kuj tau hais txog lwm yam tsis tau teev tseg.
Plaub ntawm kaum tus poj niam (44%) nyiam haus luam yeeb, piv rau tsawg tshaj li ib feem peb (32%) ntawm cov txiv neej. Nyob rau hauv lem, txiv hmab txiv ntoo-flavored e-kua yog ntau nrov ntawm cov txiv neej, nrog ntau tshaj ib nrab (53%) qhia lawv nyiam rau qhov tsw, piv rau tsuas yog ib feem peb (34%) ntawm cov poj niam.
e-luam yeeb, pab kom txhob haus luam yeeb ?
Feem coob ntawm cov neeg haus luam yeeb thiab cov neeg haus luam yeeb yav dhau los uas siv lossis tau siv cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob hais tias cov khoom siv no tsis tau pab lawv txo lawv cov kev haus luam yeeb. Tsuas yog tshaj li ib nrab (52%) ntawm cov neeg teb tau teb cov lus teb no, nce ntawm xya feem pua cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim duab sau tseg hauv daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas lub Kaum Ob Hlis 2014.
Tsuas yog 14% ntawm cov neeg teb hais tias kev siv e-luam yeeb tso cai rau lawv txiav luam yeeb, ib daim duab tsis hloov txij li qhov kev tshawb fawb dhau los. Ntau tshaj li ib ntawm kaum (10%) hais tias nrog kev siv e-luam yeeb, lawv tsis haus luam yeeb ib ntus, ua ntej dhia rov qab. Daim duab no tau poob los ntawm peb feem pua ntawm cov ntsiab lus txij li qhov kev tshawb fawb dhau los. Ze li ib feem tsib (17%) ntawm cov neeg teb tau txo lawv cov kev haus luam yeeb nrog e-luam yeeb, tab sis tsis tau txiav luam yeeb. Thaum kawg, cov neeg tsawg tsawg (5%) ntawm cov neeg teb tau nce lawv cov kev haus luam yeeb tom qab siv cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob.
e-luam yeeb, muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis muaj txiaj ntsig ?
Feem ntau ntawm cov neeg teb ntseeg tias cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob ua rau muaj kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lawv cov neeg siv. Ntau tshaj li ib nrab (55%) teb cov lus nug no hauv qhov kev lees paub, nce ntawm peb feem pua ntawm cov ntsiab lus txij li qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zaum kawg. Tsawg tshaj li peb ntawm kaum (28%) xav tias e-luam yeeb tsis muaj teeb meem thiab 17% ntawm cov neeg teb tsis paub tias lawv puas muaj teeb meem lossis tsis zoo.
Nov yog qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb ntawm lub teb chaws ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm e-luam yeeb hauv kev noj qab haus huv. Hauv tag nrho tab sis rau lub teb chaws, tsawg kawg ib nrab ntawm cov neeg teb xav tias lawv muaj kev phom sij. Hauv xya lub tebchaws, ntau tshaj peb lub hlis twg (75%) ntawm cov neeg teb pom tias e-luam yeeb yog qhov teeb meem, nrog rau feem ntau hauv Latvia (80%), Lithuania (80%), Finland (81%) thiab Netherlands ( 85%). Ltalis sawv tawm rau qhov tshwj xeeb qis ntawm cov neeg teb uas xav tias e-luam yeeb muaj kev phom sij, nrog tsuas yog ib feem peb (34%).
E-luam yeeb thiab kev tshaj tawm
Cov neeg teb raug nug yog tias, hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los, lawv tau pom cov ntawv tshaj tawm lossis kev tshaj tawm rau e-luam yeeb lossis cov khoom siv zoo sib xws. Feem ntau (53%) ntawm cov neeg tshawb fawb hais tias lawv tsis tau pom kev tshaj tawm rau e-luam yeeb lossis cov khoom zoo sib xws hauv 12 lub hlis dhau los. Thaum ib feem tsib (20%) ntawm cov neeg teb tau pom cov kev tshaj tawm no qee zaus, thiab yuav luag ntau (17%) tau pom lawv tab sis tsis tshua muaj, tsawg dua ib ntawm kaum (7%) ntawm cov neeg teb tau pom lawv ntau zaus.
EUROBAROMETER: YUAV UA LI CAS RAU 2017 Daim Ntawv Qhia?
Raws li European Commission, tau muaj ib qho kev poob qis hauv kev noj cov khoom haus luam yeeb rau ntau xyoo hauv Tebchaws Europe, txawm hais tias qhov no tseem nyob ruaj khov txij li xyoo 2014. Txawm hais tias qhov kev vam meej no, cov khoom lag luam luam yeeb tseem tau noj los ntawm ntau lub quarter ntawm Europeans. Daim duab tag nrho tseem zais qhov sib txawv ntawm thaj chaw tseem ceeb, nrog rau cov neeg nyob rau yav qab teb European lub teb chaws feem ntau yuav yog cov neeg haus luam yeeb, thaum cov neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb Europe feem ntau yuav tau txiav luam yeeb tau zoo. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim muaj kev sib raug zoo hauv zej zog tseem muaj: cov txiv neej, cov tub ntxhais hluas, cov neeg poob haujlwm, cov nyiaj tau los tsawg, thiab cov uas muaj kev kawm qis dua yuav koom nrog kev haus luam yeeb ntau dua li cov neeg hauv zej zog.
Hais txog cov luam yeeb hluav taws xob, European Commission tau sau tseg tias muaj kev txhawb nqa pej xeem kom txuas ntxiv txwv tsis pub siv cov luam yeeb hauv tsev. Ze li ob feem peb ntawm cov neeg teb tau txhawb nqa qhov kev txwv no, txawm hais tias yuav luag tib feem ntawm cov neeg siv e-luam yeeb tawm tsam lub tswv yim. Nws kuj tseem sau tseg tias feem ntau ntawm cov neeg teb cov lus teb ntseeg tias txwv tsis pub cov khoom qab zib rau e-kua txawm tias qhov kev pib no tseem tsis nyiam ntawm cov neeg siv luam yeeb.
Txhawm rau sab laj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv "Eurobarometer", mus rau qhov chaw nyob no mus download tau nws.
