Txhawm rau ua raws li World Health Organization raws tu qauv, European Union yuav tsum pom zoo rau txoj kev ywj pheej traceability rau cov khoom luam yeeb. Teeb meem: European Commission xav muab cov yuam sij rau qhov system no rau kev lag luam uas nws yuav tsum tswj hwm, txawm tias muaj kev tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txaus siab. Cov tswvcuab hauv tebchaws thiab European Parliament tau pom zoo los ntawm lawv qhov tsis tuaj yeem los ntawm qhov kev sib cav no.
LUB TSEV KAWM NTAWV YUAV TSUM TAU TXAIS KEV PAB CUAM?
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev lag luam txhaum cai hauv luam yeeb, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau kev noj qab haus huv thiab cuam tshuam cov nyiaj tau los ntawm cov xeev, European Commission tau kawm ntau qhov muaj peev xwm, vam khom rau European cov lus qhia ntawm cov khoom luam yeeb, nws tus kheej tau tshwm sim los ntawm Convention-framework rau kev tswj luam yeeb. l 'World Health Organization (LEEJ TWG FCTC), kev cog lus raws cai thoob ntiaj teb.
Txawm li cas los xij, hauv nws cov lus, cov lus qhia "kev haus luam yeeb" sib txawv me ntsis ntawm FCTC, cov lus uas, nws muaj tseeb, tawm hauv qee qhov chaw rau kev txhais lus. Cov teeb meem ntawm qhov tsis meej pem cuam tshuam feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom hauv kev muab cov cuab yeej tsim nyog rau kev taug qab ntawm kev hloov pauv. Ib lub ntsiab lus uas tau sib cav txij li cov tuam txhab lag luam tau ntev tau cuam tshuam nrog kev tawm tsam kev lag luam txhaum cai hauv luam yeeb.
Qhov no tsis tau ua kom qeeb ntawm kev tawg hauv kev lag luam, xyoo 2009 Kev Sib Tw rau Kev Haus Luam Yeeb Dawb Kev Kawm kwv yees tias 11,6% ntawm cov luam yeeb muag thoob ntiaj teb yog txhaum cai, thiab tsis tiv thaiv kev koom tes ntawm ntau lub tuam txhab hauv kev lag luam luam yeeb ntawm lawv tus kheej luam yeeb, tshwj xeeb yog kom tsis txhob haus luam yeeb. se.
Exasperated los ntawm maneuvers ntawm kev lag luam luam yeeb, Vytenis Andriukaitis, Tus Thawj Fwm Tsav Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb Khoom Noj, txawm tias mus kom deb li deb tau rau txim rau pej xeem tom kawg [1]. "Lawv [industrialists] ua txhua yam los thaiv lub traceability system. Peb pom ntau yam kev ua ub no hauv EU lub teb chaws uas cov chaw ua luam yeeb muaj zog heev thiab thaiv lawv txhua hnub”. Txawm li cas los xij, zoo li tsis yog European Commission lossis Cov Tswvcuab Cov Tswvcuab tau nce mus rau qhov kev sib tw.
Yog li, npaj txhij txog, ua raws li kev coj ua thiab kev tso cai ua haujlwm [2] thov los ntawm European Commission hais txog qhov traceability ntawm cov khoom luam yeeb feem ntau koom nrog kev lag luam hauv kev lag luam. “Kev haus luam yeeb traceability yuav tsum yog cov cuab yeej siv tau zoo thiab pheej yig los tiv thaiv kev ua lag luam txhaum cai"Raws li tus cev lus rau Commission [3], zoo li yuav piav qhia zoo dua qhov kev xaiv ntawm "kev daws teeb meem" ... uas yog hais txog kev daws teeb meem uas koom nrog cov tuam txhab luam yeeb hauv kev tswj cov khoom muag.
Daim ntawv tshaj tawm tsis tau ua tsis tiav ua rau cov kws tshaj lij dhia, uas nws tsis tuaj yeem lees txais rau cov tuam txhab luam yeeb los muab cov cuab yeej rau kev tswj hwm thiab traceability ntawm lawv tus kheej cov khoom lawv tus kheej. Hauv kev tshaj tawm xov xwm, lub koom haum, uas coj los ua ke 16 tus tswv cuab ntawm kev ruaj ntseg thiab kev lees paub qhov chaw muab kev lag luam, tawm tsam qhov tsis sib haum xeeb ntawm kev txaus siab thiab kev cuam tshuam uas qhov kev daws teeb meem no tuaj yeem tsim. Yog li, ob lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm daim ntawv qhia ntxaws ntxaws, ntawm ib sab, tias cov ntawv thov los ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas yuav tso cai rau cov tuam txhab luam yeeb:
- kom muaj kev nkag tau mus rau tiam ntawm cov cim cim uas txheeb xyuas cov ntim luam yeeb thiab, yog li ntawd, kom muaj peev xwm tswj tau, hloov pauv lossis theej rau lawv tus kheej kom zoo dua;
- siv lawv tus kheej pob kev ruaj ntseg nta;
- xaiv lawv tus kheej cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia.
Kev khib ntawm lub sijhawm, Cov Tswv Cuab yuav muaj, raws li cov lus xaiv tshiab los ntawm Brussels txoj kev hauv tsev, tau lees paub cov kev cai lij choj uas tau tso cai thiab kev coj ua raws li lawv sawv. Ib qho yuam kev uas, yog tias paub tseeb, yuav yog qhov hnyav heev thaum nws qhib lub qhov rooj mus rau qhov tsis zoo ntawm kev taug qab, uas yuav muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev lag luam luam yeeb ntawm ib sab, thiab koom nrog kev ua txhaum cai ntawm lwm tus, uas ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo los ntawm kev luam yeeb. .
Puas yog kev rov qab los ntawm MEPs?
Qhov tseeb, lub sijhawm tam sim no tau khiav tawm los tiv thaiv kev lag luam luam yeeb los ntawm kev yeej thawj koom ruam ntawm cov txiaj ntsig zoo heev nrhiav thiab tracing system. Lub koom haum WHO tiag tiag xav kom muaj txoj cai lij choj muab tso rau hauv lub Tsib Hlis 2019, uas, raws li nws sawv, muaj txiaj ntsig rau cov tuam txhab luam yeeb. Cov tom kawg ua si saib thiab kev sib tw kom tswj hwm lub khw loj no. Dab tsi ua pov thawj qhov kev ntshai uas qhia los ntawm NGOs thiab cov kws tshaj lij hauv kev tawm tsam kev haus luam yeeb.
Vim hais tias, yog tias cov tswvcuab hauv lub tebchaws pom zoo rau cov txheej txheem pom zoo los ntawm Pawg Saib Xyuas, lawv yuav dhau los ua cov neeg koom nrog, txawm hais tias lawv tus kheej, ntawm cov neeg nyiag khoom, tshwj xeeb ntawm cov lag luam dub loj dav dav hauv txhua lub tebchaws Europe los ntawm Ukraine thiab yuav ua haujlwm rau kev txaus siab ntawm cov tuam txhab luam yeeb. Txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev tawm tsam kev ua lag luam tsis raug cai, uas yuav tsum muaj kev sib cais meej ntawm kev lav phib xaub ntawm cov tuam txhab tsim khoom thiab cov txheej txheem traceability.
Tom qab kev pov ntawv tawm suab ntawm cov kev xaiv tsa, tsuas yog MEPs tuaj yeem cuam tshuam lawv txoj cai veto thiab thov kom rov kho dua los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas. Cov European Parliament, ntawm glyphosate dossier, twb tau ua pov thawj nws cov lus teb thiab nws lub siab xav mus rau pem hauv ntej, los ntawm kev pov npav rau qhov kev daws teeb meem tsis cuam tshuam hu rau kev ploj ntawm glyphosate. Tab sis qhov txawv, txawm hais tias luam yeeb luam yeeb ua rau lub lag luam sib luag thiab luam yeeb yog cov kab mob carcinogen tiag tiag, lub luag haujlwm rau 80% ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, ob peb MPs zoo li coj qhov teeb meem. Lub technicality ntawm qhov kev kawm thiab cov kev siv zog uas twb tau siv tau thawb lawv tshaj tawm yeej sai dhau lawm?
Francoise Grossetete, ib tug ntawm cov pioneers ntawm qhov kev kawm, tseem tau ceeb toom nws cov npoj yaig "Nrog rau kev saws me nyuam ntawm Cov Khoom Siv Luam Yeeb, peb tau yeej thawj qhov kev sib ntaus sib tua. Kev siv ceev ceev ntawm kev taug qab thiab taug qab yuav tsum tso cai rau peb kom yeej kev tsov rog” Cov lus uas, raws li lawv txawj ntse, niaj hnub no zoo li ib yam li cov lus qhuab qhia nyob rau hauv suab puam ...
[1] https://www.euractiv.com/section/health-consumers/news/andriukaitis-lashes-out-at-tobacco-industry-says-it-uses-tricks-to-bypass-legislation/
[2] Tom qab kev txais yuav ib txoj cai lij choj ntawm European Union (txoj cai lossis cov lus qhia), nws yuav tsim nyog los piav qhia lossis hloov kho qee cov ntsiab lus. Yog hais tias lub moj khaum kev cai lij choj cov ntawv nyeem thiaj li muab, European Commission tuaj yeem lees txais cov kev cai lij choj thiab kev coj ua.
Delegated acts yog cov ntawv tsim cai lij choj uas cov neeg tsim cai lij choj (EU Council of Ministers thiab European Parliament) xa lawv txoj cai lij choj rau Commission. Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas tau tshaj tawm cov ntawv nyeem uas tau txais kev pom zoo yog tias nws tsis pom zoo los ntawm cov neeg tsim cai lij choj. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv tsis tas yuav txiav txim rau nws kom tau txais nws.
Cov kev coj ua yog nyob rau hauv feem ntau ntawm cov teeb meem tau txais los ntawm Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas tom qab kev sib tham ntawm pawg kws tshaj lij uas zaum sawv cev ntawm Cov Tswv Cuab. Rau cov ntawv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, kev xav ntawm pawg neeg no yog kev khi. Txwv tsis pub nws yog advisory. Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem "comitology".
Xav paub ntau ntxiv: https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/law-making-process/adopting-eu-law/implementing-and-delegated-acts_fr https://ec.europa.eu/info/implementing-and-delegated-acts/comitology_fr
[3] https://www.euractiv.com/section/economy-jobs/news/commission-hits-back-at-criticism-over-tobacco-track-and-trace-proposal
Tau qhov twg los : Taurillon.org/
