Mtsogoleri wa United States Federal Public Health Service wangofalitsa lipoti lodziwika bwino pa nkhani ya ndudu zamagetsi, koma mfundo zake sizili zamphamvu zokwanira kuti zitsimikizire kulamulira mwamphamvu kwambiri kwa zipangizozi.
Pa January 11, 1964, a Dr.Luther Terry, mkulu wa bungwe loona za umoyo wa anthu ku United States, anafalitsa lipoti loyamba la Dokotala Wamkulu wa Opaleshoni yonena za kuopsa kwa fodya pa thanzi. Lipotilo silinakhudze kukhazikitsa mgwirizano pakati pa ndudu ndi khansa, koma linatsimikizira kugwirizana kwenikweni kwa zomwe zimayambitsa ndi zotsatira pakati pa kumwa koyamba ndi kuchitika kwachiwiri.
Nthawi yodziwika bwino yolimbana ndi kusuta. Pamene agogo anga aamuna, dokotala wa maso wa ku yunivesite ya California ku Los Angeles ndiponso amene ankasuta tsiku lililonse kuyambira Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse komanso nthawi imene anali msilikali, anapita kukaphunzira zimene zinatsatira lipotilo, anasiya usiku wonse. Patatha chaka lipotilo litatulutsidwa, malamulo amafuna kuti mapaketi onse atchule omwe tsopano amadziwika "chenjezokuchokera kwa Opaleshoni General. Ndawala yochepetsa kusuta ku United States yakhala imodzi mwachipambano chachikulu kwambiri cha miliri chamankhwala amakono.
Choncho, pamene a Dr.Vivek Murthy, dokotala wamkulu wamakono, adalengeza kutulutsidwa kwa lipoti lake loyamba la kusuta fodya pakati pa achinyamata ndi achinyamata, ndikuyembekeza kuphatikizika kwa deta yomwe ingathe kuthana ndi vuto lakupha komanso lolandirika kumakampani omwe akukula komanso omwe si achikhalidwe cha chikonga. . Monga dokotala, kapenanso monga munthu wokonda kupita kudziko lakunja, ndimaganizira za kukula kwa ndudu yamagetsi m'malo omwe fodya sanagwiritsidwepo ntchito mpaka posachedwa powawa kwambiri. Ndinkaonanso kuti pokhala ndi chikonga chosakanizidwa ndi zowonjezera zosiyanasiyana, ndudu zamagetsi ndi zinthu zina zofananira zinali zovulaza monga fodya wosuta kapena wotafunidwa. Ndipo ndikuyembekeza kuti lipotilo likhala kusanzikana ndi vaping, ndidafuna kutenga nthawi kuti ndiwerenge zonse (kapena pafupifupi, masamba onse akuyandikira 300).
Ndudu za e-fodya sizowopsa kwambiri
Chondidabwitsa ndichakuti, sikuti ndikupsompsona kwa imfa yomwe ndimaganizira. Nditawerenga, ndinazindikira kuti ndudu zamagetsi zili kutali kwambiri kuti zikhale zovulaza, kwa anthu ambiri, monga ndudu zachikhalidwe kapena 
Kutafuna fodya m'njira ziwiri zomwe zimayambitsa khansa komanso mavuto ena ambiri okhalitsa. Malinga ndi lipoti ili, lomwe mwachiwonekere lidzalembedwa polemekeza mlingo wapamwamba wa sayansi ya methodological seriousness, palibe chinthu choterocho chinganenedwe cha ndudu yamagetsi ndi zofanana zake.
Mwachionekere, kuchititsa achinyamata ndi achikulire kusuta chikonga chilichonse n’koopsa. Koma nkhaniyi siithera pamenepo.
Lipotilo limalemba mosamalitsa momwe sayansi ikuyendera pa nkhani ya ndudu za e-fodya, zomwe timadziwa, zomwe sitikudziwa, popanda kupeputsa kapena kuyerekezera chilichonse. Izi ndi zomwe tikudziwa: kuti kusuta fodya kwakula kwambiri pakati pa achinyamata ndi achinyamata pazaka zisanu zapitazi; kuti zowonjezera mu ndudu zamagetsi ndi zina "makina operekera chikonga chamagetsi(kapena ENDS za "electronic nicotine delivery systems") zilibe chiopsezo, mosiyana ndi zomwe munthu angakhulupirire; kuti nthunzi wokokeramo mpweya (kunena za aerosols zingakhale zoyenera kwambiri) zimakhala ndi mankhwala ambiri omwe angawononge thanzi - ngakhale palibe amene amafika pachiwopsezo cha mankhwala achikhalidwe cha chikonga.
Kuphatikiza apo, lipotilo limayang'ana kwambiri achinyamata ndi achichepere ndikulemba maulalo pakati pa kugwiritsa ntchito chikonga ndi kukula kwa ubongo kwachilendo (kuzindikira, chidwi, ndi zina), mavuto amalingaliro (ndi, kwa ena, maubwenzi oyambitsa) ndi machitidwe ena okhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo. Kupatula kuti zidziwitso zaubwenzi woyambitsa ndizochepa ndipo, kwenikweni, sizodabwitsa kuti ana odziwa ndudu zamagetsi amachitira umboni zamavuto ena.
Zopindulitsa zina
Palinso mfundo ina yomwe lipotili ndi lapadera: amayi apakati sayenera kudziwonetsa okha (ndi ana awo) ku chikonga, chifukwa zotsatira zake pakukula kwa ubongo ndizovuta kwambiri. Kupatula kuti ngakhale ponena za mwana wosabadwayo, umboni wotsimikizira kugwirizana pakati pa kukhudzidwa kwa chikonga ndi kuwonongeka kwa ubongo siwokwanira kufotokoza chifukwa chake.
Zonsezi, umboni ndi wochepa kwambiri. Mwachiwonekere, ndi zifukwa zokwanira zolangizira mwamphamvu achinyamata, achinyamata ndi amayi apakati kuti asagwiritse ntchito ENDS. Koma palibe vuto lenileni pakuzigwiritsa ntchito.
Ndipo palinso ubwino wake. Inde, ngati muyenera kusankha pakati pa kulangiza wodwala wanu kugwiritsa ntchito ENDS kapena ayi, muyenera kumuuza kuti asagwiritse ntchito. Koma ngati njira ina ili pakati pa ENDS ndi, mwachitsanzo, ndudu, ENDS ndi yabwino kwambiri kwa iye ndi kwa inu. Kuipa kwawo kumawoneka ngati konyansa poyerekeza ndi phula ndi zinthu zina zoopsa zopangidwa ndi utsi wa ndudu. Pakalipano, lipoti la Surgeon General likuvomereza kuti deta imalola «kuwonetsa kukhalapo kapena kusapezeka kwa ubale woyambitsa pakati pa kukhudzana ndi chikonga ndi chiopsezo cha khansa» osakwanira. Mu lipotilo, deta imasonyezanso kuti, mwa akuluakulu, chikonga chingakhale chopindulitsa kwa chidwi ndi luso lokhazikika (ngakhale ziyenera kuzindikirika kuti kusanthula kwina kwatsimikizira zosiyana).
Kodi kugwiritsa ntchito ndudu zamagetsi kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa? Mwachionekere ayi. Koma kodi ENDS ndi njira yabwino yosinthira ndudu? Mosakayikira, ngakhale sitikudziwa ngati ali chida chothandiza kusiya kusuta. Pa mfundo iyi, deta yomwe ilipo imasakanizidwa. Lipoti la Surgeon General limafotokoza kuti zomwe zimaloleza kunena kuti ndudu zamagetsi zimagwira ntchito pakutha kwa fodya. «ofooka kwambiri». Pokhapokha kuti tiyenera kukhala oona mtima ndikulongosola kuti izi ndizochitikanso pazinthu zonse zomwe zatchulidwa mu chikalatacho ndikuyerekeza kuti ndudu zamagetsi ndizoopsa pa thanzi.
Deta yokwanira
Anthu opanda chizoloŵezi choledzeretsa kapena zinthu zoyambitsa khansa angakhale abwino. Koma zoona zake n’zakuti madera ambiri, mwinanso si onse, amakhala ndi vuto linalake. Ndipo kuona mtima kumafuna kuvomereza kuti ziwonetsero zina ndi zabwino kuposa zina. Chizoloŵezi
Kafeini wocheperako ndi wabwino kuposa cocaine kapena opiate. Chikonga ndi nthunzi za e-cig, ngakhale zowopsa kwambiri kuposa kudya masamba kapena kutulutsa madzi amchere, mwachidziwikire zili m'gulu la zinthu zowopsa zomwe anthu kapena anthu angadziwonetsere. (Ndipo iwonso ali m’gulu lotsika mtengo). Mu mitundu ina, chikonga ndi owopsa, koma makamaka chifukwa cha phula ndi zina zowonjezera fodya.
Mulimonsemo, chinachake chiyeneranso kunenedwa ponena za mphwayi wopangidwa ndi kuchulukitsa kwa zidziwitso zaumoyo: tikamalira nkhandwe za zoopsa zonse zomwe zingatheke komanso zomwe zingatheke, timanyalanyaza zoopsa zenizeni. Carcinogens ndi chitsanzo chabwino. Ndudu ndi fodya ndi ziwiri mwazinthu zochepa zomwe zimadziwika motsimikiza kuti zimayambitsa khansa mwa anthu - zomwe zasonyezedwa nthawi ndi nthawi. Asayansi apeza zina, monga zakudya zina (nyama yankhumba) kapena mankhwala (monga formaldehyde), omwe amagwirizana ndi khansa, popanda kugwirizanitsa uku kungathe kukhazikitsa ubale woyambitsa.
Pofika mu 2017, a FDA akukonzekera kuwonjezera kutchulidwako «CHENJEZO: Chikongachi chili ndi chikonga chomwe chimapereka chiwopsezo chosiya kusuta» pa ENDS zonse. Titha kuwonjezera chizindikiro chamtunduwu pa khofi, popanda Nkhondo Yachitatu Yapadziko Lonse kulengeza. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, a FDA sanaganizirebe kuletsa kutsatsa kwamadzi mwachindunji komanso kutsata achinyamata-ndipo pali matani aiwo, kaya ndi kupanduka, kugonana, ndi zina zotero. «7.000 zokometsera zilipo» (kuphatikizapo wakhanda kwambiri "chimbalangondo maswiti"). Chinachake chomwe akanatha kuchita kuyambira 2009, ali ndi ulamuliro walamulo. Ndipo ingakhale, kuwonjezera apo, kampeni yosavuta kwambiri kuti ikwaniritse.
Koma, pakali pano, alibe deta yokwanira kuti adzilungamitsira malamulo okhwima a ndudu za e-fodya.
gwero : Slate.com
