Mosasamala kanthu za kuchulukira kwa njira zoletsa kusuta fodya ku France tsiku lapitalo ndi kukwera kwa mtengo wa fodya wogubuduza, gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a anthu a ku France adazolowerabe ndudu. Izi ndizoposa anansi athu omwe achepetsa kwambiri kumwa kwawo m'zaka zaposachedwa.
Pambuyo poyambitsa, Meyi watha, wa paketi ya ndudu yopanda ndale, Nduna ya Zaumoyo Marisol Touraine wangolengeza mu Januware wamawa njira yatsopano yolimbana ndi fodya: kuwonjezeka kwa 15% pamtengo wa fodya wogubuduza. Chogulitsa mpaka pano chotsika mtengo kuposa ndudu zapaketi ndipo, motero, ndi njira yopititsira kusuta kwa achinyamata angapo.
Kwa zaka zambiri, boma la France lapanga nkhondo yolimbana ndi kusuta kukhala yofunika kwambiri, yomwe ingakhale omwe amachititsa kuti anthu opitilira 70.000 amafa pachaka ku France. Nkhondoyi yakhala ikuchitika m'mayiko onse a European Union, koma yamenyedwa motsimikiza kwambiri m'mayiko otukuka a Kumadzulo kwa Ulaya.
Kulikonse, chizoloŵezi chawo n’chakukweza misonkho ya ndudu pamene kuletsa kusuta fodya m’malo opezeka anthu ambiri ndi kuntchito kwafala kwambiri ndipo ndawala zodziwitsa anthu za fodya zikuchulukirachulukira. Zotsatira zake, kusuta fodya kwatsika kwambiri pazaka makumi atatu zapitazi, koma kusiyana kwakukulu kudakali ku Ulaya.
32% ya osuta ku France…
Poyerekeza ndi anansi awo, Afalansa amakhalabe osuta kwambiri. Malingana ndi deta yochuluka kwambiri kuchokera ku Eurobarometer yofalitsidwa mu May 2015 ndikuphimba chaka cha 2014, France. magulu 4ème kuchokera kumayiko 28 a Union malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa anthu osuta fodya.
Kungoyambika ndi Agiriki, aku Bulgaria ndi aku Croats, 32% ya anthu aku France adzinenera kukhala osuta motsutsa 29% ya ku Spain, 27% ya ku Germany, 22% ya Britons ndi 21% ya ku Italy. Dziko labwino kwambiri ku Europe ndi Sweden komwe amasuta ndi 11% yokha.
Kuphatikiza apo, kusintha kwa kusuta fodya ku France sikolimbikitsa chifukwa dzikoli lakhala likuchita 14% osuta kuposa mu 2012 ndi kokha 4% zochepa kuposa mu 2006, pamene pa avareji ku Ulaya chiŵerengero cha osuta ameneŵa chatsika ndi 18% m’zaka khumi zapitazi.
…ngakhale kukwera mtengo kwa fodya
Zotsatira zoyipa zomwe zilibe chochita ndi mtengo wa fodya ku France. Malinga ndi Bungwe la Tobacco Manufacturer's Association, United Kingdom ndi Ireland zokha zinali ndi mtengo wapamwamba wa phukusi mu 2016 kuposa ku France (kuposa 10 euro). Pa € 7 pa phukusi lililonse, France ili pa nambala 3ème pa 28 pa mtengo. M'madera oyandikana nawo, mtengo wapakati umasinthasintha pakati pa 5 ndi 6 € ndipo umatsikira ku 3 / 3,50 € ku Eastern Europe. Osatchulapo Bulgaria komwe phukusi limawononga € 2,60 yokha!
Ulemu wa "kusasuta"
Kodi kuletsa kusuta sikulemekezedwa ku France kuposa kwina kulikonse? Ayi konse. Choyamba, ali m'gulu lambiri ku Europe ndipo adakhazikitsidwa, monga momwe malo odyera amakhudzira, zaka zisanu ndi zitatu zapitazo. Ndipo zoletsedwazo zimalemekezedwa bwino ku France.
Pachifukwa ichi, Eurobarometer idafunsa makasitomala odyera m'maiko onse a Union. M’maiko oŵerengeka, chiŵerengero chachikulu cha makasitomala akuti akumana ndi fodya m’malesitilanti, mosasamala kanthu za chiletso cha kusuta. Izi ndi mwachitsanzo nkhani ya 72% ya Agiriki, 59% aku Romania komanso 44% ya aku Austria, dziko limene ziletso zaposachedwa, zapang’onopang’ono ndipo, motero, sizikulemekezedwa.
Koma, 9% yokha yamakasitomala odyera ku France akuti adawululidwa. Izi ndizochulukirapo kuposa ku Italy (8%) kapena Germany (7%).. Monga mungayembekezere, pafupifupi palibe amene adanena kuti adawululidwa ku Sweden.
Osuta kwambiri ndi gulu lankhondo ku Austria
Pokhala ndi ndudu 13 pa avareji patsiku, anthu osuta fodya a ku France amasuta fodya wocheperako pang’ono poyerekezera ndi wa ku Ulaya (ndudu 14,4). Ndiwocheperako pang'ono poyerekeza ndi anzawo aku Germany, Britain kapena Italy. Ndipo ocheperako kuposa aku Austrian omwe amasuta paketi yawo yatsiku ndi tsiku. Izi zati, ziwerengero zapamwambazi zimangosonyeza zomwe zimachitika ku Ulaya konse: anthu omwe akupitiriza kusuta mu 2016 ndi osuta kwambiri. Osuta mwa apo ndi apo atha.
Kodi udindo wa kusuta kwina » Kodi ndudu yamagetsi imapereka chiyani? Zachepetsedwa chifukwa "nvapote" ikadali yogwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono ku Europe komwe 2% ya anthu amati aigwiritsa ntchito. Koma France ndi, ndi United Kingdom, dziko limene ntchito yake ndi yotukuka kwambiri ndi 4% ya ogwiritsa ntchito mwa anthu.
Kuonjezera apo, ndudu yamagetsi ndiyo yankho losankhidwa kusiya kapena kuyesa kusiya kusuta ndi 18% ya osuta fodya a ku France kapena omwe kale anali kusuta. Kwa ku Europe konse, gawoli ndi 10% yokha.
Achinyamata ambiri, osuta fodya
Choncho sikophweka kumvetsa chifukwa chake Afalansa amasuta kwambiri kuposa anansi awo. Popanda kufotokozera kotsimikizika mwasayansi, titha kuzindikira kulumikizana pakati pa kuchuluka kwa anthu ndi kusuta monga momwe achinyamata amakonda kusuta kuposa akulu awo.
Izi zikuwonekera ku France kumene 40% ya 16-25 zaka zakubadwa ndi osuta, zomwe ziri zambiri kuposa kwina kulikonse ku Ulaya. Komabe, gulu lazaka izi likuyimira 12% ya anthu aku France motsutsana ndi 9,9% ku Italy ndi 6,5% ku Germany.
Komanso, tikudziwa kuti achinyamata amadya kwambiri, pazifukwa zamtengo wapatali, amasuta fodya. Ngakhale kuti 29% ya anthu osuta fodya a ku Ulaya amagwiritsa ntchito - nthawi zonse kapena nthawi zina - ku fodya wotayirira, osuta fodya a ku France ndi 44% kuti agwiritse ntchito ndi kufalikira kwakukulu kwa anthu osakwana zaka 25.
Munkhaniyi, titha kumvetsetsa bwino lomwe lingaliro la Marisol Touraine lokhometsa msonkho wafodya-wanu-anu mochulukira: imayang'ana osuta achichepere omwe ali ndi udindo waukulu wa zotsatira zosauka za ku France pankhani ya kusuta.
gwero : Myeurop.info
