Vaping: ndondomeko zathu panthawi yosankha
par Vincent Durieux, Purezidenti waku France Vapotage
Europe ikuchita kukonzanso malangizo awiri omwe angakhudze tsogolo la vaping. Munjira iti? Chilichonse chimadalira, makamaka, pa kutanthauzira komwe atsogoleri athu andale adzapanga pa mfundo yodzitetezera, imodzi mwa mizati ya ndondomeko zathu zapagulu, zomwe zili mu Constitution ya France monga m'mapangano a ku Ulaya.
Mfundo imeneyi imatsogolera anthu ochita zisankho. Zimaphatikizapo, pankhani ya zoopsa zomwe zatsimikiziridwa, kupeŵa kuwonongeka kwakukulu ndi kosasinthika momwe zingathere komanso, pankhani ya zoopsa zongopeka, kulimbikitsa mapulogalamu a kafukufuku kuti athetse kukayikira. Choncho ndi funso la mfundo "yowunikira" yochitira anthu, osati "osachitapo kanthu".
Nanga bwanji nkhani yathu? Kuopsa kwa kusuta kumatsimikiziridwa komanso kwakukulu, kuyaka kwa fodya ndi carcinogenic, komwe kumayambitsa makumi masauzande ambiri amafa msanga chaka chilichonse. Chiwopsezo cha mphutsi ndi chongopeka ndipo, malinga ndi masauzande a maphunziro asayansi omwe achitika kale (opitilira zaka khumi ndikuwonera m'mbuyo), osafunikira kwenikweni kuposa omwe amalumikizidwa ndi ndudu. Kutsekemera sikuvulaza kwambiri chifukwa ndudu yamagetsi ilibe fodya (komanso fodya wotenthedwayo siwotenthetsa).
Choncho, m’pomveka kuti andale ena amanena momveka bwino kuti fodya ndi mdani weniweni ndiponso kuti nthunzi ndiyo njira imodzi yothetsera vutoli. Izi ndiye maziko a njira yaku UK yochepetsera chiopsezo. Izinso ndizomwe zimatsogolera, ku France, National Academy of Medicine kuti alimbikitse osuta kuti asinthe nthunzi "osazengereza", zomwe zimalungamitsa kuphatikizika kwa mpweya pamakampeni apagulu monga Mwezi wopanda Fodya komanso mauthenga ochokera ku Santé Publique France ndi National Cancer Institute.
Komabe, mfundo yodzitetezera imeneyi kaŵirikaŵiri imagwiritsiridwa ntchito molakwa lerolino. Chifukwa chake, m'dzina la kufunafuna chitetezo chamtheradi, ena ochita zisankho akutembenukira m'mbuyo pa mayankho a pragmatic, kusakhulupirira zatsopano, kukonda kusasunthika kapena kuipitsitsa, kutha ndi njira zotsutsana. Vaping ndiye chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cha izi: m'malo mothandizira gawoli kuti lizipangitsa kuti liziyenda bwino - mokomera ogula, apano ndi amtsogolo, komanso mabizinesi komanso koposa zonse - pali chiyeso "chopha" malonda. pachiwopsezo cholepheretsa kwambiri nkhondo yolimbana ndi kusuta.
Kwa iwo, podzinamizira kuti pangakhale zoopsa zomwe zingatheke komanso za nthawi yaitali, vaping iyenera kumenyedwa mofanana ndi fodya. M'dzina la kutanthauzira kolakwika kumeneku kwa mfundo yodzitetezera, ndudu yamagetsi imakhalabe yozunzidwa, kunyozedwa, mauthenga odetsa nkhawa komanso ngakhale zabodza. Chifukwa chake, mu lipoti lake la Meyi 20 lokhudzana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe zimatchedwa malangizo a TPD, European Commission, motsutsana ndi zomwe zimadziwika, ikuwonetsa "zotsatira za ndudu zamagetsi paumoyo" ndi "udindo wofunikira womwe" sewerani poyambira kusuta', kuti pamapeto pake mulimbikitse 'kugwiritsa ntchito mfundo zodzitetezera ndikusamalira njira yochenjera yomwe idatengera mpaka pano'.
Pamapeto pake, tili mkatikati mwa mtsinjewo. Timalimbikitsa mchitidwe mbali imodzi, timasalana ndi ina!
Timalola kuti vaping ipitirire koma sitithandizira gawoli komanso mamiliyoni a ogula kuti adziwe zambiri.
"M'badwo wopanda fodya" walengezedwa, koma nthawi yomweyo akuyembekezeka kuletsa kupezeka kwa zinthu zotsekemera, kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa zokometsera zomwe zilipo, komabe chofunikira kwambiri pakuchepetsa ndikusiya kusuta.
Timalimbikitsa machitidwe oyang'aniridwa ndi otetezeka ogwiritsira ntchito koma sitilola kuti gawoli likhale ndi malamulo oyenerera a e-zamadzimadzi onse, okonda kusiya gawoli kwa zaka 10 ... kuti adzilamulire okha!
Zodabwitsa kapena zamkhutu zowononga thanzi la anthu zomwe nthawi zambiri zimasokoneza maganizo a anthu osuta omwe akufunafuna njira zothetsera vutoli.
Ndikofunikira kugwirizanitsanso mfundo zazikuluzikulu zachitetezo. Kwa ife, izi zikutanthauza kuchita mbali zitatu zokhudzana ndi zinthu zathu:
- Chitani zonse kuti muthamangitse ndikukulitsa kusiya kusuta.
Mamiliyoni a anthu a ku Ulaya akupitiriza kusuta ngakhale kuopsa kotsimikiziridwa ndi njira zonse zamphamvu zomwe zatengedwa m'zaka zaposachedwapa: kuwonjezeka kwa mtengo, kuletsa kusuta fodya m'malo otsekedwa otseguka kwa anthu, kukhazikitsidwa kwa ma CD a ndale, zodziwitsa anthu, etc. Ku France makamaka , kusuta fodya sizinasinthidwe ngakhale izi.
Ndudu yamagetsi ndi wothandizira kulemera kwake: ndi chida chogwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri[1] ndi ogwira mtima kwambiri[2] kusiya kusuta. Yankho lopangidwa ndi munthu yemwe kale anali wosuta, kutsimikiziridwa ndi mamiliyoni a anthu omwe mpaka pano sanapambane kusiya kusuta chifukwa cha zothandizira zina zomwe zilipo, makamaka mankhwala.
Ngati chofunika kwambiri ndicho kuchepetsa kufala kwa kusuta monga momwe kungathekere, ndiye kuti kusintha kuchokera ku kusuta kupita ku mpweya kuyenera kulimbikitsidwa ndi kulimbikitsidwa, osati kufooketsedwa ndi malo osadziwika bwino omwe amasokoneza mwakufuna kwawo kusokoneza fodya ndi mpweya, kapena zisankho zomwe zingawalepheretse kupeza (mtengo). , zonunkhira, malo ogulitsa, etc.). Choopsa chilipo: barometer yaposachedwa kwambiri yochitidwa ku France Vapotage ndi bungwe la Harris Interactive ikuwonetsa kuti ma vaper ambiri atha kuyambiranso kusuta pakakwera mitengo (64%), kuletsa kupezeka kwazinthu. 61%), kuletsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo a anthu (59%) kapena kuletsa zokometsera zina osati "kununkhira kwa fodya" (58%).
- Onetsetsani zabwino ndi chitetezo cha zinthu zonse vaping.
Ku France komanso makamaka mu European Union, kuchuluka kwa maudindo ndi zowongolera zimatsimikizira mtundu wa zinthu, chitetezo cha ogula akuluakulu komanso chitetezo cha ana.
France Vapotage ikufuna kuti pakhale dongosolo lokhazikika lowongolera komanso koposa zonse zowunikira, kuti athe kusiyanitsa momveka bwino ndi fodya, kutsimikizira kwathunthu ma vapers, kupewa chiopsezo chilichonse komanso kukayikira kulikonse. Kuletsa kugulitsa kwa ana ang'onoang'ono kuyenera kupitiriza kulemekezedwa. Ndi mfundo yosaoneka.
Komanso, masiku ano, zakumwa zomwe zili ndi chikonga ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamalitsa, zomwe sizili choncho pazinthu zopanda chikonga. Kugwirizana ndikofunikira, chifukwa chimangocho chiyenera kukhudza zinthu zonse ndi kapangidwe kake. Kunena zowona, akatswiri ambiri ndiwo atsogolera. Koma kudzilamulira uku sikufanana ndi kuwongolera ndipo koposa zonse sikungatheke pakapita nthawi. Kamodzi, ngati mfundo yodzitetezera iyenera kuwongolera zochita za anthu, ili pano: momwe tingafotokozere kuti timalola gawo kuti likhale lokhazikika popanda kupereka ndondomeko yoyenera komanso yokhutiritsa?
Apanso, barometer yathu yaposachedwa ikuwonetsa chithandizo chapagulu pazotsatira zomwe tikufuna: 64% ya anthu aku France (ndi 78% ya ma vapers!) amagwirizana ndi malamulo osiyanasiyana okhudzana ndi fodya ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi mpweya.
- Kupanga zisankho pamaphunziro okhazikika komanso osakayikitsa odziyimira pawokha.
Pali maphunziro ambiri odziyimira pawokha, omwe akuwonetsa pakati pazinthu zina kuti nthunzi yopangidwa ndi ndudu yamagetsi imakhala ndi zinthu zosachepera 95% kuposa utsi wa ndudu.
Mogwirizana ndi mfundo yodzitchinjiriza, maphunziro owonjezera amayenera kuchitidwa kuti afotokozere zotsatira za kutentha kwa thanzi la ogula ndi omwe ali pafupi nawo, makamaka pakapita nthawi. Koma mpaka pano, palibe kafukufuku wozama komanso wosatsutsika yemwe wawonetsa chiwopsezo chokhudzana ndi chizolowezi chofufumitsa: m'chidziwitso chamakono cha sayansi, palibe chomwe chimalungamitsa nkhaniyo.
Nthawi yafika, kuti France ngati European Union, isankhe. Ngati akuluakulu aboma alengeza zankhondo yolimbana ndi vaping, zotsatira zake zimadziwika, zomwe zidawonedwa mwachitsanzo ku Italy mu 2017: kuchuluka kwa kusuta fodya, kugwa kwachuma kwamakampani ndi kutayika kwa ntchito, chitukuko cha msika wakuda wa zinthu zaposachedwa, ndipo pamapeto pake zambiri. misonkho yocheperapo kuposa momwe ankaganizira.
Njira ina ndikutenga mwayi wodziwika bwino womwe umaimiridwa ndi kusuta fodya, pothandizira makampani akadali achichepere pakukula kwawo koteteza ogula.
[1]BEH 14-15, May 2018, Tsiku Lopanda Fodya Padziko Lonse;
Guignard R, Richard JB, Pasquereau A, Andler R, Arwidson P, Smadja O, et al; gulu la Health Barometer la 2017. Kuyesera kusiya kusuta fodya m'gawo lomaliza la 2016 ndikugwirizanitsa ndi Mwezi Waulere wa Fodya: zotsatira zoyamba zawonedwa mu Health Barometer ya 2017. Bull Epidémiol Hebd. 2018;(14-15):298-303. http://invs.santepubliquefrance.fr/beh/2018/14-15/2018_14-15_6.html.
[2] Hajek P Ph.D., Anna Phillips-Waller, B.Sc., Dunja Przulj, Ph.D., Francesca Pesola, Ph.D., Katie Myers Smith, D.Psych., Natalie Bisal, M.Sc., Jinshuo Li, M.Phil., Steve Parrott, M.Sc., Peter Sasieni, Ph.D., Lynne Dawkins, Ph.D., Louise Ross, Maciej Goniewicz, Ph.D., Pharm.D., et al . Kuyesa kosasinthika kwa ndudu za e-fodya motsutsana ndi chithandizo chosinthira chikonga. N Engl J Med 2019 Jan 30; [e-pub]. (https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1808779)
