Mukupesana zvachose neshumo ye SCHEER iyo inogona kuva nesimba rakasimba kune ramangwana TPD2 (Tobacco Products Directive), nhasi tiri kupa ETHRA mushumo (European Tobacco Harm Reduction Advocates) iyo iyo chikamu chayo yakamisikidzwa zvakajeka mukufarira vaping uye snus mukurwisa kuputa.
KUDZORERA NJODZI, “THE” SOLUDZO YEKUPEDZA FODHA!
Nepo ramangwana dzimwe nguva richiita sekunge rakasviba nekuda kwevaping muEurope, pane zviratidzo zvekuti hapana chakaiswa mudombo. Kana iyo ichangoburwa SCHEER mushumo wakagumisa kuti vaping haibatsire kurega kuputa uye kuti zvinonaka zvinokwezva vechidiki ku nicotine zvichashanda sehwaro hweramangwana. TPD2 (Tobacco Products Directive), tinogona kufara kuvapo nhasi data mukupokana kwakazara nechinzvimbo ichi.
Chokwadi, kubva Gumiguru 12 kusvika Zvita 31, 2020, vanhu vanopfuura zviuru makumi matatu nenomwe vakapindura ongororo yepamhepo ETHRA pamusoro pevashandisi ve nicotine muEurope. Nhasi, tinopa kwauri gwaro rekuongorora rinotsanangura zvakabuda zvevatori vechikamu 35 kubva ku296 EU nyika dziri pasi peEuropean Tobacco Products Directive (TPD).
Mashandiro anoita ongororo yeETHRA :
Mumwe nemumwe atora chikamu akatora avhareji yemaminetsi gumi nerimwe kuti apedze mubvunzo. Mibvunzo makumi mana nemina yakanangana nekushandiswa kwechikakananda nevatengi. Misoro yakafukidzwa yaisanganisira kusvuta uye chishuwo chekusiya, kushandiswa kwesnus, vaping uye zvipingamupinyi zvekurega kusvuta, kunyanya zvine chekuita nekuraira kweTPD nemitemo yenyika.
KUDZORERA NJODZI, MUtero UYE TPD… ZVII ZVINOKUDZIDZWA KUNE RUZHINJI?
Maererano neshumo itsva yeETHRA (Vamiriri veEuropean Fodya Kukuvadza Kuderedza Vamiriri), kuderedza kukuvadza kuri pachena mhinduro yekurega kusvuta.
- Zvigadzirwa zvekuderedza kukuvadza rubatsiro rwakakura mukurega kusvuta. Pane vaya vakambosvuta. 73,7% snus vashandisi uye 83,5% zvemavapers kurega kusvuta.
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Kuderedza kukuvadza ndicho chikonzero chakanyanya kutaurwa chekutora snus (75%) uye kupisa (93%), zvichiteverwa nokurega kusvuta 60% snus vashandisi uye pamusoro 90% vapers. Kudzikiswa kwemutengo, maflavour, kuwanikwa kwechigadzirwa uye, kunyanya, kugona kugadzirisa zvigadzirwa zvevaping, zvinhu zvakakosha kune vatengi kana vachitora zvigadzirwa zvekudzikisa kukuvadza.
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Kupfuura 31% vevasvuti vemazuva ano vanoti vangada kuedza snus kana ikanyoreswa zviri pamutemo muEU.
Pamutero wevaping, vape flavour inorambidzwa uye kushaikwa kwekuwana, maererano neshumo reETHRA, izvi zvipingamupinyi pakurega kusvuta!
- Kupfuurisa 67% yevanosvuta vanoda kurega. Zvisinei, ava vanosvuta vanotarisana nezvipingamupinyi muchishuvo chavo chokuva vasingasvuti. Kutanga, inenge kota (24,3%) yevasvuti vari muEU vanoda kurega vanodziviswa nemutengo wepamusoro wezvimwe zvinhu zvine njodzi yakaderera. Mugove uyu unosvika 34,5% munyika gumi nembiri dzeEU uko vaping yakabhadhariswa mutero muna 12, uye 44,7% munyika nhatu umo vaping inobhadharwa zvakanyanya (Finland, Portugal neEstonia).
- Mitero yezvigadzirwa zvevaping chinhu chakakosha chipingamupinyi chekurega kusvuta kune vanhu vanoputika nekuputa ("vaviri vashandisi"). Chikamu chevashandisi vaviri munyika gumi nembiri dzine mutero wevaping uyo wakavharwa nemutengo wekuenda chete kune vaping (28,1%) inodarika katatu kupfuura iyo yevashandisi vaviri munyika gumi nematanhatu pasina mutero wevaping (8,6%).
Kurambidzwa kwevape flavour muFinland neEstonia, uye hurumende inotonga pakutengeswa kwevape muHungary, zvinoita kuti kusiya zviome. Imwe yemibairo mikuru yekurambidzwa uku kusundidzira vatengi vakananga kumusika mutema, kumwe kumwe kunowanikwa kana kutenga kunze kwenyika. Munyika nhatu idzi, chete 45% emavapers anoshandisa yemuno kwakajairika sosi kuwana e-zvinwiwa, ivo vari 92,8% munyika dzisina mutero kana kurambidzwa kwevape flavour.
Chirevo cheETHRA chinoratidza chokwadi chekuti miganhu yakatemerwa neTPD ine zvisingadiwi mhedzisiro pakushandiswa kwemavapers.
- Kuenzaniswa neongororo huru yepamhepo yakaitwa muna 20131, isati yaitwa TPD iripo, chiyero chee-mvura inoshandiswa pazuva chakawedzera zvakanyanya (kubva pa3 ml / zuva muna 2013 kusvika 10 ml / zuva muna 2020) nicotine concentration yeiyi e-liquids yakadzikira zvakanyanya (kubva pa12 mg/ml muna 2013 kusvika 5 mg/ml muna 2020).
Zvikamu zviviri muzvitatu (65,9%) zvemavhapesi anoshandisa e-liquids ane nicotine concentration isingasviki 6 mg/ml. Izvi zvinoratidzika kunge zvakanyanya mhedzisiro ye20mg/ml nicotine concentration yemuganhu uye 10ml vhoriyamu muganho wakaiswa neTPD yemabhodhoro e-liquid. Nekuda kwechiitiko che self-titration ye inhaled nicotine, mavhapesi anoshandisa e-liquids ane yakaderera nicotine concentration anogona kutsiva nekushandisa vhoriyamu yakakura.
• Kana iyo 20 mg/ml nicotine muganho wakawedzerwa, 24% yevaper vanoti vaizodya shoma e-liquid uye 30,3% yevanhu vanoputika nekuputa vanofunga kuti vaigona kurega kusvuta zvachose.
• Kana muganho we10ml ukabviswa, 87% yemavhaper yaizotenga mabhodhoro mahombe kuderedza mutengo uye 89% kuderedza marara epurasitiki, nepo 35,5% chete vachiti vangangoramba vachitenga 'shortfills' vowedzera chikakananda ivo pachavo. Iyi miganho inogona kugadziridzwa kana kubviswa panguva yekudzokorora kunotevera kweTPD.
Iyo alarm bhero inoridzwa zvakare neiyo ETHRA report, Une mutero uye/kana kurambidzwa kwevape flavour muEU yaizopisa misika mitema negrey.
- Ongororo iyi yakabvunzawo vatori vechikamu nezve zvimwe zvinogoneka zviri kuitika mumirairo yeEurope. Kana zvasvika kunyaya yemutengo, chikamu chikuru chevapers chaisazoshivirira kana kusakwanisa kukwira mutengo. Kana mutero wepamusoro wakaiswa kune e-mvura muEU yese, vanopfuura 60% yevashandisi vaizotsvaga zvisingabhadharwe maringedzero akafanana.
- Kana mavape flavour akarambidzwa, anopfuura makumi manomwe neshanu muzana emavapers aizotsvaga mamwe masosi mumusika wepamutemo.
Sekureva kweiyo ETHRA mushumo, vapers muEuropean Union vanoda kuwana ruzivo rwakajeka uye rwakajeka.
- Kune rimwe divi, ruzhinji rwemavhapesi ari kufarira kuwanikwa kweveruzhinji kuEU dhatabhesi pane zvigadzirwa zvevaping, zvine chekuita nezvinongedzo zve-e-liquids (83%), zvinhu zvekupokana (66%) uye hunhu hwemaseketi akabatanidzwa. 56%). Pamusoro pezvo, 74% yaizowana peji yeruzivo rwevaping inobatsira, sezvakaita New Zealand.
KO ETHRA INAKURUDZIREI ZVINOTEVERA MASHOKO ANO?
Kubviswa kwekurambidzwa kwe snus muEU. Snus yakagonesa vashandisi veSweden nicotine kuti vasarudze kuderedza njodzi, zvichikonzera kuderera kukuru kwezvirwere zvine chekuita nekuputa muEU yese. Snus yave ichizivikanwa zvizere seyakaderedzwa njodzi chigadzirwa neUS FDA. Kunyange kudai chikamu chiduku bedzi chevasvuti chakagamuchira snus, chaizoderedza mutoro wehosha dzine chokuita nokusvuta uye rufu rwokukurumidza nokuda kwamamirioni avaEurope.
Kudzivirirwa kweTPD kwemabhodhoro e-liquid kusvika ku10 ml kunofanirwa kubviswa nekuchimbidza kubvumira mavhavha kutenga e-zvinwiwa mumavhoriyamu akajairwa ane mwero wakaringana wenicotine uye kubvumira chikamu chikuru chazvo kudzikisa mashandisiro avanoita e-mvura.
Kudzokororwa kwepamusoro kweiyo yakanyanya nicotine concentration ye-e-zvinwiwa yaizobvumira chikamu chimwe muzvina chemavhapesi kuderedza kushandiswa kwavo kwe-e-liquid, uye yaizobvumira vanoputa kuti vawane mukana weimwe inoshanda yakaderera-njodzi chigadzirwa. Kunyangwe zvipikirwa zvakaitwa muna 2013 panguva yekukakavadzana kwePDT, hapana chigadzirwa chevaping chine inodarika 20 mg/ml yenicotine inowanikwa mune yemishonga network muna 2021.
Mitero, kurambidzwa kwe flavour uye nyika yekutengesa monopolies pavaping zvipingamupinyi zvekurega kusvuta. munyika dzinodzishandisa. Matanho aya anowedzerawo nzira huru kumusika mutema kana kumwe kunowanikwa uye kutenga kunze kwenyika, nekusachengeteka kwehutano kunosanganisira mamiriro aya, vanomanikidza vanhu vazhinji kuputa uye vanozvidza vakuru vezvematongerwo enyika nezvehutano. . Nhengo dzeNyika neEU dzinofanirwa kumira kufamba munzira iyi ine njodzi zvakanyanya.
Ruzhinji rwevanoshandisa nicotine vane njodzi shoma vanoda iyo EU manejimendi inopa yakatendeseka, yakavhurika uye ruzivo ruzivo pakuderedza kukuvadza dzimwe nzira pane kusvuta.
Kubvunza yakazara ETHRA mushumo, enda ku nzvimbo yepamutemo yeVatsigiri veEuropean Fodya Kukuvadza Kuderedza.
