Kune vasingazive" kujairira", ibhuku rekutanga pasi rose maererano nekupindwa muropa nekiriniki uye mutemo wehutano hwakatenderedza kupindwa muropa. Nokuda kwaJanuary 2017 chinyorwa, Addiction saka inotarisa pamidzanga yemagetsi, ichiratidza maitiro ayo ekuongorora maitiro ehutano hwevanhu.
ZVINODZORERERA ZVINHU NICOTINE MUMISERA NEKUKUKUDZA E-CIGARETTES.
Mumagazini yaNdira 2017 yepepanhau Addiction, chinyorwa chinokurukura nzira dzinodiwa dzehutano hweveruzhinji dzekudzora fodya mumakore gumi anotevera. Vanyori vanobva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzekutsvagisa dzekudzora fodya muUnited States. Vanoronga zano rekutanga rekudzikisa kana kutobvisa (izwi rakanyorwa…) fodya yakajairika.
Imwe yenzira huru dzehutano hweveruzhinji inoonekwa nhasi ine kuderedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma kwehuwandu hwechikakananda mufodya. Pfungwa ndeyekukurudzira vanoputa kuti vasiye asi pamusoro pezvose kudzikamisa shanduko kusvika pakupindwa muropa pakati pevanoedza (kazhinji pwere). Vanyori vanotaura tsvakurudzo yakaratidza kuti kuderera kwakanyanya mumazinga e nicotine kunobatsira kudzivirira kutanga kwezviratidzo zvekurega kune vanosvuta, asi pamusoro pezvose hazviperekedzwi nekuwedzera kwenhamba yefodya. Iyi nzira yakakurukurwa munguva pfupi yapfuura neChikwata cheStudy cheKudzora Zvigadzirwa zveFodya cheWHO.
Vanyori vechirongwa ichi vanoronga kuisa e-fodya munyaya iyi. Maererano navo, nekusimudzira e-fodya, kunyanya nekusiya mazinga epamusoro e nicotine mumidzanga yemagetsi apo iyo nicotine yepamusoro inodzikiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mufodya yakajairika, zvingave zvichiita kuti zvishoma nezvishoma kuchinja kwevanoputa kune mafomu emagetsi ekushandisa nicotine. . Vanyori vanobvuma kuti zano rakadaro raisazoitwa pasina kupokana. I-e-cigarette ichiri kumutsa kutsoropodza kwakawanda uye mibvunzo, zvichida nekuda kwekushayikwa kwemaonero ekushandiswa kwayo kwenguva refu.
NDEIPI NZIRA YEKUONGORORA YEPAPUBLIC HEALTH IMPACT YEE-CIGARETTES?
Muna Ndira 2017 chinyorwa chejenari Kupindwa muropa, chinhu chakakosha chinotarisana nehurongwa hwekuongorora huchavakwa kuti hunyatso ongorora e-fodya uye zvingangokanganisa hutano. Vanyori venyaya huru yefaira iboka revatsvakurudzi vepasi rose mumunda wefodya. Vanotaura kuti e-cigarette uye zvigadzirwa zvinobuda zvichiri kukakavara zvakanyanya, kunyangwe zvikaita sezviri pachena kuti zvigadzirwa izvi zvine huturu hwehupfu hwehupfu pane hwakajairika midzanga, uye kuti nekudaro, e-fodya inofanirwa kuoneswa seanoderedza kukuvadza.
Pasinei nekukura kwehuchapupu hunogona kubatsira hutano hweveruzhinji hwefodya, 55 yenyika 123 dzakaongororwa dzakarambidza kana kurambidza kushandiswa kwefodya, uye 71 ine mitemo inodzikamisa zera rekutenga, kana kushambadza pane izvi zvigadzirwa. Vanyori vanotenda kuti vasati vasimudzira mitemo, zvingave zvakakosha kuti tikwanise kubvumirana pane data yesainzi kuburikidza nehurongwa hwakajeka hwekuongorora mabhenefiti uye kukuvadza kunoenderana nekushandiswa kwezvigadzirwa izvi. Saka vanyori vanopa zano rekuti chinangwa chitariswe.
1er mureza : njodzi yekufa. Vanyori vanotaura chidzidzo chechangobva kuitika chakafungidzira kuti kushandiswa chete kwe-e-cigarettes kwakabatanidzwa nehuwandu hwekufa kwe20 nguva yakaderera kudarika kushandiswa kwefodya chete. Vanotsanangura zvisinei kuti nhamba iyi inogona kugadziridzwa nekufambira mberi kwekuwana data kwenguva refu. Nekushandisa kwakasanganiswa (fodya ne-e-fodya), vanyori vanopa kufunga maererano nekudzikisa huwandu uye nguva yekushandiswa kwefodya. Vanotaura zvidzidzo zvinoratidza njodzi yakadzikira yegomarara remapapu uye chirwere chisingaperi chinodzivirira pulmonary, uye vanoburitsa njodzi yakaderedzwa yekufa.
2nd criterion : kukanganisa kwe-e-cigarettes kune vechidiki vasati vamboputa fodya yechinyakare. Ichokwadi chokuti kuedza ne-e-cigarettes kunogona kukurudzira shanduko yekushandiswa kwefodya ndeimwe yenharo dzinowanzoiswa mberi pakukurukura njodzi dze e-cigarettes. Mukuita, ongororo dzinoratidza kuti chiitiko ichi chinoramba chakaganhurirwa zvakanyanya panguva ino (cf. Ongororo ichangoburwa yekuEurope yakaburitswawo muAddiction, uye yakashuma nezveAddict'Aides.). Uyezve, zvinogara zvakaoma kuti kuyedza fodya kunogona kukonzereswa nemhepo, kunyanya mukuyaruka inova netsanangudzo nguva yekuyedza kwakawanda. Chekupedzisira, dzimwe ongororo dzinoratidza kuti vechidiki vanongoedza e-fodya vanonyanya kumisa kushandiswa uku nekukasira, nepo vanoputa fodya vanoramba vachishandisa michina kwenguva yakareba sekushandisa fodya.
3e mureza : kukanganisa kwe-e-fodya pakushandisa fodya. Vanyori vanodudza zvidzidzo zvenguva pfupi yapfuura zvinoratidza kuti kunyanya kushandiswa kwe-e-cigarette nguva dzose, iyo inonyanya kubatanidzwa neiyo yekare yakasvuta kana kuderedza kushandiswa kwayo kwefodya. Zvidzidzo zvakanaka munzvimbo ino zvinofanirwa kuenzanisa huwandu uhu nehuwandu hwevanoputa vasingabhege. Mumakiriniki ekuedzwa, kushanda kwe-e-cigarette kurega kusvuta hakusi kwakasiyana. Iri pamatanho akafanana ekutsiva chigamba. Asi, muhupenyu chaihwo, chingave chisiri chinangwa chevose vapers kuti pakarepo uye zvachose kurega kusvuta. Uyezve, vanyori vanonongedza kuti vapers vanowanzo kuputa vakatoedza kurega munguva yakapfuura. Vaper saka vangangove vasiri kuputa "sevamwe", uye chinhu ichi chinofanira kutariswa mune ramangwana zvidzidzo.
4e mureza : kukanganisa kwe-e-cigarette kune vaimboputa. Mune mamwe mazwi, zvinowanzoitika here kuti vaimboputa fodya vatangezve kushandisa nicotine ne-e-cigarette? Pano zvakare, vanyori vanosimbisa kuti kuongororwa kwechirevo ichi kunofanira kubva pakuenzanisa nezvidzidzo zvinotangazve kusvuta. Izvi zvichabatsira kuratidza mabhenefiti ekudzikisa njodzi e-e-fodya. Zvidzidzo zvisingawanzoitiki zvakaongorora mubvunzo uyu zvinoita sezvinoratidza mwero wakaderera wefodya kutangazve pakati pevaimbova kusvuta vanotangazve kushandisa e-fodya (5 kusvika 6%), uye kazhinji kazhinji iyi fodya yekushandisa haisi zuva nezuva.
5e mureza : maitiro (akanaka kana akaipa) emitemo yehutano. Vanyori vanotenda kuti mitemo yehutano ine basa rakakosha munzira iyo e-fodya inounzwa uye inoshandiswa nevanhu. Kudzorwa kwakasununguka kwezvishandiso izvi kunofarira kushandiswa kwavo kwenguva refu, kusiyana nemitemo yehutano ine chinangwa chekupa e-fodya zvakanyanya seyamuro yekurega kuputa. Nyika dzine makore mashoma ekutenga zvigadzirwa zvevaping dzine mwero wakaderera wevaping pakati pevechiri kuyaruka, uye nyika dzinoshandiswa fodya zvakanyanya.
Pane zvakati wandei zvechinyorwa ichi chePrinceps. Semuyenzaniso, Becky Freeman, kubva kuPublic Health Center muSydney (Australia), inotendawo kuti zvigadzirwa zvevaping zvinogona kuva "silver bullet" yekugumisa nhamo dzefodya (cf. chinyorwa chenyaya imwe chete yeKupindwa muropa panyaya iyi). Nekudaro, munyori anosimbisa kuti nepo nyanzvi dziri kunetsekana nezve maitiro ekuongorora e-fodya nemabatiro ayo zvichienzaniswa nefodya, vashandisi havamirire mhedziso yavo uye kutora chikamu mukubudirira kwekutengesa kwemidziyo iyi. Munyori anopedzisa kuti mitemo yehutano hweveruzhinji haisiriyo chinhu chikuru chinotsanangura kubudirira kana kutadza kwechikamu chechishandiso chinogona kuita basa muhutano.
mabviro : Addictaide.fr
