Munaasabadda maalinta joojinta tubaakada adduunka, guddiga Yurub ayaa daabacay Eurobarometer 2017 re" habdhaqanka reer Yurub ee ku wajahan tubaakada iyo sigaarka elektarooniga ah“. Hordhac u ah warbixinta, Guddigu wuxuu sheegay in cabista sigaarka ay weli tahay khatarta ugu weyn ee laga hortagi karo ee caafimaadka Midowga Yurub oo ay mas'uul ka tahay 700 oo dhimasho ah sannad kasta. Qiyaastii 000% dadka sigaarka cabba waxay u dhintaan xilli hore, taasoo keentay inay lumiyaan nolosha 50 sano celcelis ahaan. Intaa waxaa dheer, dadka sigaarka cabba waxay sidoo kale aad ugu dhow yihiin inay la kulmaan cudurro gaar ah oo ka dhashay isticmaalka tubaakada, oo ay ku jiraan cudurrada wadnaha iyo xididdada.
EUROBAROMETER: XAALADDA CIYAARTA EE MIDOWGA YURUB
Midowga Yurub iyo Dawladaha xubnaha ka ah waxay ka shaqeeyeen sidii loo dhimi lahaa isticmaalka tubaakada iyada oo loo marayo tillaabooyin kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan nidaaminta wax soo saarka tubaakada, xaddidaadda xayaysiisyada tubaakada, samaynta deegaan ka caagan qiiqa iyo xakamaynta tubaakada.
Qaar ka mid ah hindisayaashii ugu dambeeyay waxaa ka mid ah Awaamiirta Wax-soo-saarka Tubaakada oo dib loo eegay, kaas oo ka dhaqan galay waddamada xubnaha ka ah Maajo 20, 2016. Dardaaranku wuxuu bixiyaa tallaabooyin kala duwan, oo ay ku jiraan digniino caafimaad oo muuqaal ah oo ku saabsan xirmooyinka sigaarka iyo duub-sigaarka aad adigu iska leedahay, iyo sidoo kale mamnuucida sigaarka iyo duub-tubaakada adiga kuu gaar ah oo leh dhadhan. Ujeeddada Awaamiirta Wax-soo-saarka Tubaakada waa in la fududeeyo shaqada gudaha suuqa iyadoo la ilaalinayo caafimaadka bulshada iyo, gaar ahaan, in laga ilaaliyo shacabka waxyeellada ay u leedahay isticmaalka tubaakada, iyo sidoo kale in la caawiyo dadka sigaarka cabba si ay uga tanaasulaan.
Komishanka Yurub wuxuu si joogto ah u qabtaa ra'yi ururin dadweyne si ay ula socdaan dabeecadaha reer Yurub ee ku wajahan arrimo badan oo la xiriira tubaakada. Sahankan ayaa ah kii ugu dambeeyay ee taxane ah oo la sameeyay tan iyo 2003 iyada oo la sameeyay sahankii ugu dambeeyay ee 2014. Ujeedada guud ee sahankan ayaa ah in la qiimeeyo baahsanaanta sigaarka iyo qiiqa tubaakada ee meelaha si loo baadho waxyaabaha keena sigaarka si loo garto tillaabooyin lagu dhimi karo tirada sigaarka cabba ee EU-da. Mawduucyadan guud ka sokoow, baaritaanka hadda socda waxa kale oo uu sahamiyaa isticmaalka iyo xayaysiinta sigaarka elektaroonigga ah (e-sigaarka).
EUROBAROMETER: MAXAA LAGU SOO BANDHIGAY CABAYAASHA MIDOWGA YURUB EE 2017?
Kahor intaanan wax ka qaban mawduuca ugu muhiimsan ee ina xiisaynaya, sida sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, aan eegno xogta laga helay Eurobarometer-kan ee ku saabsan sigaarka. Marka hore, waxaan baraneynaa taas saamiga guud ee sigaar cabbayaasha ee Midowga Yurub ayaa weli ah mid deggan (26%) tan iyo barometerkii ugu dambeeyay ee 2014.
- Rubuc (26%) Jawaab bixiyaasha waa sigaar cabayaal (oo la mid ah tii 2014), halka 20% ay yihiin kuwa hore u cabi jiray. In ka badan kala badh (53%) weligood sigaar cabbin. Korodhka isticmaalka ee kooxda da'da 15-24 ayaa la arkay tan iyo 2014 (laga bilaabo 24% ilaa 29%).
- Waxaa jira kala duwanaansho weyn oo ku saabsan isticmaalka guud ahaan Midowga Yurub iyadoo heerka sigaar cabbiddu uu sare u kacayso Koonfurta Yurub. In ka badan saddex meelood meel ka mid ah jawaab bixiyaasha Giriiga (37%), Bulgaria (36%), France (36%) iyo Croatia (35%) waa sigaar cabayaal. Dhanka kale, saamiga dadka sigaarka cabba waa 7% Sweden iyo 17% gudaha Boqortooyada Ingiriiska.
- Ragga (30%) waxay aad ugu dhow yihiin inay sigaar cabbaan dumarka (22%), si la mid ah dadka da'doodu u dhaxayso 15 ilaa 24 (29%) marka la barbardhigo dadka da'doodu tahay 55 ama ka weyn (18%).
- In ka badan 90% dadka sigaarka cabba waxay isticmaalaan tubaakada maalin kasta, iyadoo inta badan ay doortaan baakado sigaar ah oo diyaarsan. Sigaar-cabayaasha maalinlaha ah waxay cabbaan celcelis ahaan 14 sigaar ah maalintii (14,7 2014 marka la barbardhigo 14,1 ee 2017), laakiin waxaa jira farqi muuqda oo u dhexeeya wadamada.
- Inta badan dadka sigaarka cabba waxay bilaabaan sigaar cabista ka hor da'da 18 waxayna joojiyaan sigaarka marka ay qaangaaraan. In ka badan kala badh (52%) dadka sigaarka cabba waxay la kulmeen sigaar cabista ka hor da'da 18 jir, taas oo aan wax badan ka duwanayn Yurub. Inta badan (76%), sigaar cabbayaashu waxay sii wadaan inay sigaar cabbaan ugu yaraan 10 sano ka dib markay bilaabaan.
- Inta badan dadkii hore ee sigaarka cabi jiray waxay joojiyaan sigaarka da'da dhexe: inta u dhaxaysa 25 iyo 39 (38%) ama inta u dhaxaysa 40 iyo 54 (30%). In ka badan kala badh (52%) dadka sigaarka cabba hadda ayaa isku dayay inay joojiyaan, iyadoo dadka ku nool waqooyiga Yurub ay aad ugu dhowdahay inay isku dayaan inay joojiyaan marka loo eego dhiggooda koonfurta Yurub. Badi (75%) kuwa isku dayay ama ku guulaystay joojinta ma aysan isticmaalin gargaarka joojinta sigaarka, laakiin wadamada oo dhan waxay u dhaxaysaa 60% jawaab bixiyaasha gudaha UK ilaa 90% gudaha Spain.
Marka laga hadlayo Snus, aad ayaa loo isticmaalo marka laga reebo Iswiidhan, halkaasoo laga oggol yahay meelo kale, sidoo kale waddanka 50% jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa sheegaya in ay hore u tijaabiyeen.
EUROBAROMETER: ISTICMAALKA SIIGAARAHA E-CIGARETKA EE MIDOWGA YURUB
Haddaba ka waran tirooyinka Eurobarometer 2017 ee ku saabsan sigaarka elektiroonigga ah? Macluumaadka muhiimka ah ayaa ah marka hore tan iyo 2014, saamiga kuwa ugu yaraan tijaabiyay sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ayaa kordhay (15% marka loo eego 12% 2014).
- Qaybta jawaab-bixiyeyaasha ee hadda isticmaala sigaarka elektaroonigga ah (2%) ayaa ah mid deggan ilaa 2014.
- In ka badan kala badh (55%) jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa aaminsan in sigaarka elektarooniga ahi uu waxyeelo u leeyahay caafimaadka isticmaalkooda. Saamigani wax yar ayuu kordhay ilaa 2014 (+3 boqolkiiba dhibcood).
- Inta badan dadka isticmaala sigaarka elektaroonigga ah waxay isku dayeen inay joojiyaan sigaarcabkooda, laakiin waxay u shaqeysay oo keliya kuwa laga tirada badan yahay
Badi (61%) kuwa bilaabay isticmaalka sigaarka elegtarooniga ah ayaa sidaas sameeyay si ay u xakameeyaan cabashadooda sigaarka. Qaar kale ayaa sidaas yeeley sababtoo ah waxay u arkeen sigaarka elektaroonigga ah inuu ka caafimaad badan yahay (31%) ama sababtoo ah way ka jaban yihiin (25%). Kaliya tiro yar (14%) ayaa sheegay inay gabi ahaanba joojiyeen sigaarka sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, iyadoo 10% ay sheegeen inay joojiyeen laakiin ay bilaabeen mar kale, 17% waxay sheegeen inay yareeyeen isticmaalka tubaakada iyada oo aan dhammaan si loo joojiyo heerka sigaarka.
Ilaa 44% jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa arkay xayaysiisyada sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, laakiin kaliya 7% ayaa arkay inta badan. Xayeysiiskani waa kuwa ugu caansan UK (65%) iyo Ireland (63%).
Badi (63%) ayaa qaba in sigaarka elektaroonigga ah laga mamnuuco meelaha mamnuucidda sigaarka laga mamnuucay, iyadoo tiradan ay kor u kacday 8 ka mid ah 10kii jawaab bixiyaasha ee Finland (79%) iyo Lithuania (78%). Aqlabiyad qaraabo ah ayaa taageersan soo bandhigida "baakad cad" (46% waxay taageersan tahay 37% ka soo horjeeda) iyo mamnuucida bandhigga goobta iibka (56% ka dhanka ah 33%) waxayna taageersan yihiin mamnuucida dhadhanka sigaarka elektaroonigga ah (40% waa la doorbidayaa 37%).
Halbeegyada-bulsheed-daddeed
Marka laga hadlayo jawaab-bixiyeyaasha horay u tijaabiyay sigaarka elektarooniga ah:
- Ragga (17%) wax yar ayay uga dhow yihiin dumarka (12%) inay sheegaan inay tijaabiyeen ugu yaraan sigaarka elektaroonigga ah.
- Rubuc ka mid ah dhallinyaradu waxay tijaabiyeen ugu yaraan sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, sidoo kale 21% dadka da'doodu u dhaxayso 25 ilaa 39. Marka la barbardhigo, 6% jawaab bixiyaasha da'doodu tahay 55 iyo wixii ka weyn ayaa sidaas sameeyay.
- Jawaab bixiyaasha ka tagay waxbarasho waqti-buuxa ah oo da'doodu tahay 20 ama ka weyn (14%) waxay u dhawdahay inay tijaabiyeen ugu yaraan sigaarka elektaroonigga ah marka loo eego kuwa ka tagay da'da 15 sano ama ka weyn (8%).
-Shaqo la'aanta (25%), shaqaalaha gacanta (20%), ardayda (19%) iyo kuwa iskood u shaqeysta (18%) waxay u badan tahay inay tijaabiyeen sigaarka elektaroonigga ah.
- Kuwa ay ku adag tahay inay biilasha iska bixiyaan waxay u badan tahay inay tijaabiyeen ugu yaraan sigaarka elektaroonigga ah (23%), gaar ahaan marka la barbar dhigo kuwa aan waligood ama si dhib yar weligood ula kulmin dhibaatooyinkan (12%).
La yaab maaha in dadka sigaarka cabba (37%) ay aad ugu dhow yihiin inay tijaabiyaan sigaarka elektarooniga ah marka loo eego kuwa aan weligood cabbin (3%).
- Ku dhawaad kala badh jawaab bixiyaasha isku dayay inay joojiyaan sigaarka ayaa sidoo kale isku dayay sigaarka elektaroonigga ah (47%).
- Sigaar-cabayaal badan oo la aasaasay ayaa aad ugu yar inay tijaabiyaan sigaarka elektaroonigga ah: qiyaastii kala badh kuwa sigaarka cabba 5 sano ama ka yar ayaa tijaabiyay (48-51%), marka la barbar dhigo 13-29% kuwa sigaarka cabba ilaa 20 jir. sanado.
– Dadka sigaarka cabba ee marmar (42%) wax yar ayay ugu dhowdahay inay tijaabiyaan sigaarka elektrooniga ah marka loo eego kuwa maalinlaha ah sigaarka cabba (32%).
Kuwa isticmaala sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, badidoodu waxay isticmaalaan maalin kasta, iyadoo saddex meelood laba meel (67%) ay bixinayaan jawaabtan. Shan meelood meel (20%) ayaa sidaas sameeya toddobaad kasta, halka in ka yar tobankiiba mid ay isticmaalaan bishii (7%) ama in ka yar hal mar bishii (6%). Guud ahaan, tani waxay ka dhigan tahay in kaliya 1% jawaab bixiyaasha guud ahaan EU ay yihiin kuwa isticmaala sigaarka elektaroonigga ah maalin kasta.
Waa maxay dhadhanka ay isticmaalaan vapers-ka Midowga Yurub?
Ka mid ah kuwa hadda isticmaala sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ugu yaraan hal mar bishii, dhadhanka ugu caansan ayaa weli ah midho, oo ay sheegeen ku dhawaad kala badh (47%) jawaab-bixiyeyaasha. dhadhanka tubaakada (36%) wax yar ayaa caan ah, waxaana ku xiga menthol ama reexaanta (22%) iyo dhadhanka "nacnac" (18%). Dareeraha elektaroonigga ah ee dhadhanka khamriga ayaa ah kuwa ugu caansan, oo ay iftiimiyeen kaliya 2% jawaab bixiyaasha, halka tiro yar (3%) ay sidoo kale xuseen dhadhan kale oo aan la cayimin.
Afar ka mid ah tobankii dumar ah (44%) ayaa doorbida dhadhanka tubaakada, marka la barbardhigo in ka yar saddex meelood meel (32%) ragga. Marka loo eego, dareeraha e-dheelliyada leh ee dhadhanka leh ayaa aad ugu caansan ragga, iyada oo in ka badan kala badh (53%) ay muujinayaan doorbidida dhadhankan, marka la barbar dhigo in ka badan saddex meelood meel (34%) dumarka.
Sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, gargaarka joojinta sigaarka ?
Inta badan dadka sigaarka cabba iyo kuwii hore ee sigaarka cabba ee isticmaala ama isticmaali jiray sigaarka elegtarooniga ah ayaa sheegaya in qalabkani aanu ka caawinin inay yareeyaan isticmaalka tubaakada. In ka badan kala badh (52%) jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa bixiyay jawaabtan, taasoo kor u kacday boqolkiiba todoba dhibcood tirada la diiwaan galiyay Sahankii Diisambar 2014.
Kaliya 14% jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa sheegay in isticmaalka sigaarka elektaroonigga ah uu u suurtageliyay inay gebi ahaanba joojiyaan sigaarka, tiradaas oo aan isbeddelin tan iyo sahankii u dambeeyay. In ka badan hal tobankiiba (10%) ayaa sheegaya in isticmaalka sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, ay joojiyaan sigaarka in muddo ah, ka hor intaysan soo laaban. Tiradan ayaa hoos u dhacday boqolkiiba saddex dhibcood tan iyo sahankii u dambeeyay. Ku dhawaad shan meelood meel (17%) jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa hoos u dhigay isticmaalka tubaakada sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, laakiin ma joojin sigaarka. Ugu dambeyntii, tiro yar (5%) jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa dhab ahaantii kordhiyey isticmaalka tubaakada ka dib markii ay isticmaaleen sigaarka elektarooniga ah.
Sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, dhib ama faa'iido ?
Inta badan jawaab bixiyaasha waxay aaminsan yihiin in sigaarka elektaroonigga ah uu waxyeelo u yahay caafimaadka isticmaalkooda. In ka badan kala badh (55%) ayaa su'aashan uga jawaaba si dhab ah, korodhka boqolkiiba saddex dhibcood tan iyo sahankii u dambeeyay. In ka yar saddex ka mid ah tobankiiba (28%) ayaa qaba in sigaarka elektaroonigga ah aanu waxyeello lahayn, 17% jawaab-bixiyeyaashu ma garanayaan inay waxyeello leeyihiin iyo in kale.
Halkan waxaa ah kala duwanaansho weyn oo heer waddan ah oo ku saabsan aragtida sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ee heerka caafimaadka. Dhammaan marka laga reebo lix waddan, ugu yaraan kala badh ka mid ah jawaab-bixiyeyaasha waxay u maleynayaan inay waxyeello leeyihiin. Toddoba waddan, in ka badan afar meelood saddex (75%) jawaab-bixiyeyaashu waxay u arkaan sigaarka elektaroonigga ah mid waxyeello leh, iyada oo qayb gaar ah laga helayo Latvia (80%), Lithuania (80%), Finland (81%) iyo Nederland (85%) ). Talyaanigu waxa uu si gaar ah ugu muuqdaa qayb hoose oo ka mid ah jawaab-bixiyeyaasha u malaynaya in sigaarka elektaroonigga ah uu waxyeello leeyahay, iyaga oo wax yar ka badan saddex meelood meel (34%).
Sigaarka elektaroonigga ah iyo xayaysiinta
Jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa la waydiiyay haddii, 12-kii bilood ee la soo dhaafay, ay arkeen wax xayeysiis ah ama xayeysiis ah sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ama aaladaha la midka ah. Badi (53%) jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa sheegay in aanay arkin xayaysiis sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ama alaab la mid ah 12kii bilood ee la soo dhaafay. Halka shan meelood meel (20%) jawaab bixiyaasha ay arkayeen xayaysiisyadan waqti ka waqti, iyo ku dhawaad in ka badan (17%) ay arkeen laakiin aad u yar, in ka yar hal tobankii (7%) jawaab bixiyaasha ayaa arkay marar badan.
EUROBAROMETER: WAA MAXAY GUNAANAD WARBIXINTAN 2017?
Sida laga soo xigtay guddiga Yurub, waxaa jiray isbeddel guud oo hoos u dhac ku yimid isticmaalka alaabta tubaakada dhowr sano oo Yurub ah, inkastoo tani ay xasilloon tahay tan iyo 2014. Inkasta oo guushaas lagu guuleystay, wax soo saarka tubaakada ayaa weli ay cunaan rubuc ka mid ah dadka reer Yurub. Sawirka guud waxa kale oo uu qarinayaa kala duwanaanshiyaha juqraafiyeed ee muhiimka ah, iyadoo dadka ku nool wadamada koonfurta Yurub ay u badan tahay inay sigaar cabbaan, halka dadka waqooyiga Yurub ay aad ugu dhow yihiin inay ku guuleystaan joojinta sigaarka. Intaa waxaa dheer, isbeddellada bulsho-bulsheed ee la aasaasay ayaa sii socda: ragga, dhalinyarada, dadka shaqo la'aanta ah, kuwa dakhligoodu hooseeyo, iyo kuwa leh heerar waxbarasho oo hooseeya ayaa aad ugu dhow inay dib u galaan tubaakada marka loo eego kuwa ka socda kooxaha kale ee bulshada.
Marka laga hadlayo sigaarka elektaroonigga ah, Komishanka Yurub wuxuu fahamsan yahay inay jirto taageero dadweyne oo xoog leh si loo sii wado mamnuucida isticmaalka sigaarka elektaroonigga ah gudaha. Ku dhawaad saddex-meelood laba meelood jawaab-bixiyeyaasha ayaa taageersan mamnuucida noocaas ah, in kasta oo ku dhawaad isla saamiga isticmaalayaasha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah ay ka soo horjeedaan fikradda. Waxay sidoo kale xustay in badi jawaab-bixiyeyaasha ay aaminsan yihiin in la mamnuuco dhadhanka dareeraha elektaroonigga ah inkasta oo hindisahan uu weli yahay mid aan caan ka ahayn isticmaalayaasha sigaarka elektaroonigga ah.
Si aad ula tashato dhammaan dukumeentiga "Eurobarometer", tag ciwaankan si loo soo dejiyo.
