Intloko ye-United States Federal Public Health Service isanda kupapasha ingxelo ephawulekayo malunga nomba we-cigarettes we-elektroniki, kodwa izigqibo zakhe azinamandla ngokwaneleyo ukuthethelela ulawulo olungqongqo kakhulu kwezi zixhobo.
NgoJanuwari 11, 1964, i UGqirha uLuther Terry, intloko yenkonzo karhulumente yezempilo yaseUnited States, yapapasha ingxelo yokuqala kaGqirha Jikelele ngeengozi zecuba empilweni. Ingxelo yayinganelisekanga ukuseka ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwecuba kunye nomhlaza, kodwa ingqinisise ikhonkco lokwenene lesizathu kunye nesiphumo phakathi kokusetyenziswa kokuqala kunye nokuvela kwesibini.
Umzuzu wembali wokulwa nokutshaya. Xa utat'omkhulu, ugqirha wamehlo ovela kwiYunivesithi yaseCalifornia eLos Angeles kunye nentshayi yemihla ngemihla ukusukela kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi kunye nexesha lakhe emkhosini, waya kufunda idatha ephantsi kwezigqibo zengxelo, wayeyeka ubusuku bonke. . Kunyaka emva kokukhutshwa kwengxelo, umthetho ufuna ukuba zonke iipakethi zikhankanye ezidumileyo ngoku "isilumkisoevela kuGqirha Jikelele. Eli phulo lokunciphisa icuba eUnited States liye laba lelona phulo libalaseleyo leepidemiological impumelelo kumayeza anamhlanje.
Ngoko ke, xa i UGqr.Vivek Murthy, uGqirha Jikelele wangoku, ubhengeze ukukhutshwa okuzayo kwengxelo yeziko lakhe lokuqala malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-e-cigarette phakathi kolutsha kunye nabantu abadala abancinci, ndilindele ukuhlanganiswa kwedatha enokujongana nokutshatyalaliswa okubulalayo nokwamkelekileyo kwishishini le-nicotine elikhulayo kunye nelingekho lemveli. . Njengogqirha, okanye nje njengomntu ojikeleza ilizwe langaphandle, ndithathela ingqalelo ukukhula kwecuba le-elektroniki kwiindawo apho icuba belingazange lisetyenziswe kude kube mva nje libuhlungu noko. Kwakhona ndandinoluvo lokuba ngokuqulatha inikotini exutywe nezinto ezahlukeneyo zokongeza, imidiza ye-elektroniki nezinye iimveliso ezifanayo zaziphantse zibe yingozi njengecuba elitshaywayo okanye elihlafunwayo. Kwaye ngethemba lokuba ingxelo iya kuba yindlela yokuvalelisa kwi-vaping, bendifuna ukuthatha ixesha lokuyifunda ngokupheleleyo (okanye phantse, onke amaphepha asondelayo angama-300).
I-e-cigarettes ayinabungozi kangako
Ndothuswe kukuba ayiyo kiss of death bendiyicingela. Emva kokufunda, ndagqiba ekubeni icuba ze-elektroniki zikude kakhulu nokuba yingozi, kuninzi lwabantu abaninzi, njengecuba zendabuko okanye 
ukuhlafuna icuba iindlela ezimbini zokusebenzisa ezibangela ngokucacileyo umhlaza kunye nezinye iingxaki zempilo ezinzulu nezihlala ixesha elide. Ngokwale ngxelo, eya kuthi ngokucacileyo ibhaliwe ngokuhlonipha inqanaba eliphezulu lobunzulu bendlela yenzululwazi, akukho nto injalo enokuthethwa ngecuba lombane kunye nezinto ezilingana nalo.
Ngokucacileyo, ukubhenca abakwishumi elivisayo nolutsha kulo naliphi na inqanaba lenikotini kuyingozi. Kodwa ibali alipheleli apho.
Ingxelo irekhoda ngocoselelo imeko yesayensi kumba we-e-cigarettes, into esiyaziyo, into esingayaziyo, ngaphandle kokuyijongela phantsi okanye iqikelele kakhulu nantoni na. Nantsi into esiyaziyo: ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwe-e-cigarette kuye kwanda kakhulu phakathi kwabaselula kunye nabaselula kwiminyaka emihlanu edlulileyo; ukuba izongezo kwi-cigarettes ye-elektroniki kunye nezinye "Iinkqubo zokuhanjiswa kwenikotini nge-elektroniki(okanye ENDS for "electronic nicotine delivery systems") azikho mngcipheko, ngokuchaseneyo noko umntu unokukholelwa ngokuqhelekileyo; ukuba umphunga orholileyo (ukuthetha ngee-aerosols unokuba kufanelekile) eneneni unemichiza emininzi enokuthi iveze iingozi zempilo – nokuba akukho ebonakala ifikelela kwinqanaba lengozi yeemveliso zenikotini eziqhelekileyo.
Ngaphaya koko, le ngxelo ijolise kulutsha kunye nabantu abadala abancinci kwaye inika amaxwebhu onxibelelwano phakathi kokusetyenziswa kwe-nicotine kunye nophuhliso lobuchopho olungaqhelekanga (ukuqonda, ukuhoywa, njl.njl.), iingxaki zengqondo (kunye, kwabanye, ubudlelwane obunokwenzeka) kunye nezinye iindlela zokuziphatha ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa iziyobisi kunye nezinto ezikhobokisayo. Ngaphandle kokuba imikhondo yobudlelwane be-causal incinci kwaye, enyanisweni, ayimangalisi into yokuba abantwana abanolwazi kwicuba ze-elektroniki bangqine ezinye iingxaki.
Ezinye iingenelo
Kukho enye ingongoma apho le ngxelo iyinxalenye yayo: abasetyhini abakhulelweyo akufuneki bazibeke esichengeni sabo (kunye nabantwana babo) kwi-nicotine, kuba iziphumo kuphuhliso lobuchopho zinokuba yingozi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuba malunga nosana olungekazalwa, ubungqina obungqina unxibelelwano phakathi kokuvezwa kwi-nicotine kunye nomonakalo wobuchopho abanelanga ukubonisa unobangela.
Lilonke, ubungqina bubhityile kakhulu. Ngokucacileyo, zizizathu ezaneleyo zokucebisa ngamandla abakwishumi elivisayo, abantu abadala abancinci kunye nabasetyhini abakhulelweyo ukuba bangasebenzisi i-ENDS. Kodwa ngokuqinisekileyo akukho nto imbi ekusetyenzisweni kwayo.
Kwaye kukho neengenelo ezithile. Kambe ke, ukuba kufuneka ukhethe phakathi kokucebisa isigulana sakho ukuba siyisebenzise okanye singayisebenzisi i-ENDS, ufanele umxelele ukuba angayisebenzisi. Kodwa ukuba enye indlela iphakathi kwe-ENDS kwaye, umzekelo, icuba, i-ENDS ingcono kakhulu kuye nakuwe. Ubungozi bazo bubonakala bububudenge xa buthelekiswa netha kunye nezinye iimveliso eziyingozi eziveliswa ngumsi wecuba. Okwangoku, ingxelo yoGqirha Jikelele iyavuma ukuba idatha ivumela «ukuqikelela ubukho okanye ukungabikho kwekhonkco le-causal phakathi kokuvezwa kwi-nicotine kunye nomngcipheko womhlaza» ayonelanga. Kwingxelo, idatha ide ibonise ukuba, kubantu abadala, i-nicotine ingaba luncedo ekuqwalaseleni kunye nokukwazi ukugxila (nangona kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba olunye uhlalutyo luye lwagqiba ngokuchasene ngqo).
Ngaba kufanele kukhuthazwe ukusetyenziswa kwemidiza ye-elektroniki? Ngokucacileyo akunjalo. Kodwa ngaba i-ENDS yenye indlela elungileyo endaweni yecuba? Ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo, nokuba asazi nokuba zisisixhobo esisebenzayo sokuyeka ukutshaya. Kule ngongoma, idatha ekhoyo ixutywe. Ingxelo yoGqirha Jikelele icacisa ukuba idatha evumela ukuba kuthiwe icuba zombane ziyasebenza ekuyekisweni kwecuba. «buthathaka kakhulu». Ngaphandle kokuba kufuneka sinyaniseke kwaye sicacise ukuba oku kunjalo kuyo yonke idatha ekhankanywe kuxwebhu kunye nokuqikelela ukuba i-cigarettes ye-elektroniki iyingozi kwimpilo.
Idatha eyaneleyo
Uluntu olungenalo umlutha okanye izinto ze-carcinogenic ziya kuba zifanelekile. Kodwa eneneni, uninzi, ukuba asilulo lonke, uluntu lunesiphako esinye okanye esinye. Yaye ukunyaniseka kufuna ukuvuma ukuba eminye imiboniso ibhetele kuneminye. Ukuba likhoboka
I-caffeine ephakathi ingcono kune-cocaine okanye umlutha we-opiate. I-Nicotine kunye ne-e-cig vapours, ngelixa ngokuqinisekileyo iyingozi ngaphezu kokutya imifuno okanye ukuphefumla amanzi amaminerali, ngokungathandabuzekiyo phakathi kwezinto ezincinci ezinobungozi apho abantu okanye uluntu lunokubonakaliswa. (Kwaye zikwaphakathi kwezona ndleko zincinci). Kwezinye iifom, i-nicotine iyingozi kakhulu, kodwa oku kubangelwa i-tar kunye nezinye izongezo zecuba.
Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kufuneka kuthethwe into malunga nokungakhathali okuveliswa kukuphindaphinda kwezilumkiso zempilo: xa sikhala ingcuka malunga nazo zonke iingozi ezinokwenzeka kuzo zonke izinto ezinokwenzeka kunye nezinto ezinokuthi zicingelwe, asiyihoyi ingozi yokwenene. IiCarcinogens ngumzekelo ogqibeleleyo. Imidiza kunye necuba zimbini zeemveliso ezimbalwa kakhulu ezaziwa ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba zibangela umhlaza ebantwini-inyaniso ebonakaliswe amaxesha ngamaxesha. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafumanisa ezinye, ezifana nokutya okuthile (i-bacon) okanye iikhemikhali (ezifana ne-formaldehyde), ezihambelana nomhlaza, ngaphandle kolu lungelelaniso lukwazi ukuseka ubudlelwane be-causal.
Ukususela kwi-2017, i-FDA iceba ukongeza ukukhankanywa «ISILUMKISO: le mveliso iqulethe inikotini ebonisa umngcipheko wokuba likhoboka» kuzo zonke i-ENDS. Sinokongeza olu hlobo lweleyibhile kwikofu, ngaphandle kweMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiThathu ibhengezwe. Ngokungaqhelekanga, i-FDA ayikacingi ngokuvala ukuthengiswa kwe-vaping ngokuthe ngqo kwaye ijolise ngokukodwa kulutsha-kwaye kukho iitoni zabo, nokuba yimvukelo, ubulili, kunye nokunye. «7.000 iincasa ezikhoyo» (kubandakanywa nosana olu sana "ibhere ilekese"). Into ebebengayenza ukususela ngo-2009, banegunya elisemthethweni. Kwaye kuya kuba, ngaphezu koko, iphulo elilula kakhulu ukuphumeza.
Kodwa, okwangoku, abanayo idatha eyaneleyo yokuthethelela ulawulo olungqongqo lwe-e-cigarettes.
imvelaphi : Slate.com
