Kwabo abangaziyo" likhoboka", yijenali yokuqala kwihlabathi malunga nokulutha kwezonyango kunye nomgaqo-nkqubo wezempilo malunga nokulutha. NgoJanuwari 2017, i-Addiction igxile kwi-cigarettes ye-elektroniki, igxininisa isakhelo sayo sokuvavanya kwimpembelelo yempilo yoluntu.
UKUNCIPHISA NGOKUQHUBEKAYO INQANABA LENICOTINE KWISIGARETHI NGOKUPHUMZA I-E-CiGARETTES.
NgoJanuwari 2017 imagazini ye-Addiction, umhleli uxoxa ngezicwangciso eziyimfuneko zempilo yoluntu zokulawula icuba kwiminyaka elishumi ezayo. Ababhali bavela kumaziko ahlukeneyo ophando lolawulo lwecuba eUnited States. Bacebisa iqhinga lokuqala lokunciphisa okanye nokuphelisa (igama libhaliwe…) icuba eliqhelekileyo.
Esinye sezicwangciso eziliqili zezempilo zoluntu ekuthethwa ngazo namhlanje siquka ukuhla kancinci kancinci kwenikotini kwicuba. Umbono kukukhuthaza abantu abatshayayo ukuba bayeke kodwa ngaphezu kwayo yonke into banciphise inkqubela phambili ekhokelela ekubeni likhoboka lokulinga (amaxesha amaninzi lulutsha). Ababhali bacaphula umsebenzi wophando oye wabonisa ukuba ukuhla okucothayo kakhulu kumanqanaba e-nicotine kunceda ukuthintela ukwenzeka kweempawu zokurhoxa kwabatshayayo, kodwa ngaphezu kwako konke akuhambisani nokunyuka kwenani lecuba elitshayayo. Esi sicwangciso-qhinga sanda kuxoxwa liQela loFundo lwe-WHO malunga noLawulo lweeMveliso zeCuba.
Ababhali beli nqaku lomhleli bacebisa ukubandakanya i-e-cigarette kulo mba. Ngokutsho kwabo, ngokukhuthaza i-e-cigarettes, ngokukodwa ngokushiya amanqanaba aphezulu e-nicotine kwi-cigarettes ye-elektroniki ngelixa inqanaba eliphezulu le-nicotine lithotywa ngokuthe ngcembe kwi-cigarettes eqhelekileyo, kuya kuba lula ukuququzelela ukuguquka ngokuthe ngcembe kwabatshayayo kwiifom ze-elektroniki zokusetyenziswa kwe-nicotine. Ababhali bayavuma ukuba isicwangciso esinjalo asiyi kuphunyezwa ngaphandle kweengxabano. I-e-cigarette isaphakamisa izigxeko ezininzi kunye nemibuzo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo ngenxa yokungabikho kwembono ekusebenziseni kwayo ixesha elide.
SISIPHI ISIKHOKELO SOVAVANYO SEMPEMBELELO YEMPILO YOLUNTU LE-E-CiGARETTE?
Kwiphepha likaJanuwari 2017 lephephancwadi i-Addiction, ingxelo ekhethekileyo igxininise kwisakhelo sokuvavanya esiza kwakhiwa ukuvavanya ngokuchanekileyo i-e-cigarettes kunye neempembelelo zabo ezinokwenzeka kwimpilo. Ababhali benqaku eliphambili kwifayile liqela labaphandi bamazwe ngamazwe kwintsimi yecuba. Bachaza ukuba i-e-cigarettes kunye neemveliso eziphumayo zisaphikisana kakhulu, nokuba kubonakala kucacile ukuba ezi mveliso zineejenti ezinetyhefu kakhulu kunecuba eziqhelekileyo, kwaye ngoko ke, i-e-cigarettes kufuneka ibonwe njengee-arhente zokunciphisa ingozi.
Nangona ubungqina obucacileyo obucacileyo malunga neenzuzo zezempilo zoluntu ezinokwenzeka ze-e-cigarettes, i-55 ye-123 amazwe avavanyiweyo avaliwe okanye anqande ukusetyenziswa kwe-e-cigarette, kwaye i-71 inemithetho ekhawulela ubuncinci beminyaka yokuthenga, okanye ukukhangisa kwezi mveliso. Ababhali bakholelwa ukuba ngaphambi kokukhuthaza imithetho, kufuneka sikwazi ukuvumelana ngedatha yesayensi ngokusebenzisa isakhelo esicacileyo sovavanyo lweenzuzo kunye nokulimala okunxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwezi mveliso. Ababhali ke ngoko bacebisa iinqobo zokugweba ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe.
1er inqobo : umngcipheko wokubhubha. Ababhali bacaphula uphando olutshanje oluqikelele ukuba ukusetyenziswa okukodwa kwe-e-cigarettes kwakunxulumene nomngcipheko wokufa ngamaxesha angama-20 angaphantsi kokusetyenziswa kwecuba kuphela. Nangona kunjalo, bachaza ukuba eli nani linokuguqulwa ngokufunyanwa ngokuthe ngcembe kwedatha yexesha elide. Ukusetyenziswa okuxubileyo (icuba kunye ne-e-cigarette), ababhali bacebisa ukucinga malunga nokunciphisa ubuninzi kunye nobude bokusetyenziswa kwecuba. Bacaphula izifundo ezibonisa umngcipheko oncitshisiweyo womhlaza wemiphunga kunye nesifo esinganyangekiyo semiphunga, kwaye bafumanisa umngcipheko wokufa othotyiweyo.
Ikhrayitheriya yesi-2 : impembelelo ye-e-cigarettes kulutsha olufikisayo olungazange lutshaye imidiza yesintu. Inyaniso yokuba ukuzama i-e-cigarettes kunokukhuthaza utshintsho ekusebenziseni icuba yenye yeengxabano ezihlala zibekwe phambili xa uthetha ngeengozi ze-e-cigarettes. Ngokwesiqhelo, uphononongo lubonisa ukuba esi siganeko sihleli silinganiselwe kakhulu okwangoku (jonga uphando lwakutsha nje lwaseYurophu nalo lipapashwe kwiAddiction, kwaye linike ingxelo ngeAddict'Aides.). Ngaphaya koko, kuhlala kunzima ukuba ulingo lwecuba lunokuqhutywa ngumphunga, ngakumbi ngexesha lokufikisa elilixesha lokulingwa okuninzi. Okokugqibela, olunye uphononongo lubonisa ukuba abantu abafikisayo abazama kuphela ukusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes ubukhulu becala bayayiyeka le ndlela yokutshaya ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa abatshaya icuba abavape beqhubeka nokusebenzisa izixhobo okoko nje betshaya.
3e inqobo : impembelelo ye-e-cigarettes ekusebenziseni icuba. Ababhali bacaphula izifundo ezininzi zamva nje ezibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwe-e-cigarettes, ngakumbi kudibaniswa nokuba ngumntu owayetshaya okanye ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwecuba. Izifundo ezilungileyo kule ndawo kufuneka zithelekise aba bantu kunye nabantu abatshayayo abangayivapeyo. Kwizilingo zeklinikhi, nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwe-e-cigarettes ekuyekeni ukutshaya akuyona into ekhethekileyo. Ikumanqanaba afana nalawo okutshintshwa kwepetshi. Kodwa, kubomi bokwenyani, isenokungabi yiyo yonke injongo yevaper ukuyeka ukutshaya ngokukhawuleza nangokupheleleyo. Ngapha koko, ababhali bagxininisa ukuba ii-vapers zihlala zitshaya ezisele zizamile ukuyeka kwixesha elidlulileyo. I-Vapers ke ngoko ayingobantu abatshayayo “njengabanye”, kwaye le nto kufuneka iqwalaselwe kwizifundo ezizayo.
4e inqobo : impembelelo ye-e-cigarettes kubantu ababesatshaya. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaba kuqhelekile ukuba abantu ababekade betshaya baphinde baqalise ukusebenzisa inikotini nge-e-cigarette? Apha kwakhona, ababhali bagxininisa ukuba uhlalutyo lwale khrayitheriya kufuneka lusekelwe ekuthelekisweni nezifundo eziqala ngokuthe ngqo ukutshaya. Oku kuya kugxininisa inzuzo yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-e-cigarettes. Izifundo ezinqabileyo eziye zahlola lo mbuzo zibonakala zibonisa izinga eliphantsi kakhulu lokuqalisa kwakhona kwecuba phakathi kwabatshayayo abaphinda baqalise ukusebenzisa i-e-cigarettes (5 ukuya kwi-6%), kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo oku kusetyenziswa kwecuba akusiyo yonke imihla.
5e inqobo : impembelelo (elungileyo okanye embi) yemigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo. Ababhali bakholelwa ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo inendima ebalulekileyo kwindlela i-e-cigarettes evezwa ngayo kwaye isetyenziswe ngabantu. Ukulawulwa ngokukhululekileyo kwezi zixhobo kukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwazo ixesha elide, ngokuchasene nemigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo ejoliswe ekuboniseni i-e-cigarette ngokuyimfuneko njengoncedo lokuyeka ukutshaya. Amazwe aneminyaka emincinci yokuthenga iimveliso zomphunga zezo zinezinga eliphantsi lokufunxa phakathi kwabafikisayo, kunye nabo basebenzisa kakhulu icuba.
Kukho izimvo ezininzi kweli nqaku lokuqala. Umzekelo, Becky Freeman, evela kwiZiko lezeMpilo loLuntu laseSydney (eOstreliya), likwakholelwa ukuba iimveliso zomphunga zinokuba “yimbumbulu yesilivere” yokuphelisa izibetho zecuba (jonga umhleli womcimbi ofanayo woKulutha kulo mbandela). Nangona kunjalo, umbhali ugxininisa ukuba ngelixa iingcali zizibuza malunga nendlela yokuvavanya i-e-cigarette kunye nefuthe layo xa kuthelekiswa necuba, abasebenzisi abalindi izigqibo zabo kwaye bathatha inxaxheba kwimpumelelo yorhwebo yezi zixhobo. Umbhali uphetha ukuba imigaqo-nkqubo yezempilo yoluntu ngokuqinisekileyo ayiyona nto iphambili echaza impumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli kwinqanaba lenkqubo enokuba negalelo kwimpilo.
imvelaphi : Addictaide.fr
