Vaping: iipolisi zethu ngexesha lokhetho
par Vincent Durieux, uMongameli waseFransi uVapotage
IYurophu ibandakanyeka ekuhlaziyeni izikhokelo ezimbini eziza kuchaphazela ikamva lomphunga. Ngayiphi indlela? Yonke into ixhomekeke, enyanisweni, ekutolikweni ukuba iinkokeli zethu zezopolitiko ziya kwenza umgaqo wokukhusela, enye yeentsika zemigaqo-nkqubo yethu yoluntu, ebhalwe kuMgaqo-siseko waseFransi njengezivumelwano zaseYurophu.
Lo mthetho-siseko ukhokela abathathi-zigqibo bethu kuluntu. Ibandakanya, kwimeko yengozi eqinisekisiweyo, yokuphepha umonakalo omkhulu kunye nongenakulungiseka kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye, kwimeko yeengozi ezicingelwayo, ukukhuthaza iinkqubo zophando ukususa ukuthandabuza. Ngoko ke ngumbuzo womgaqo "okhanyisiweyo" wezenzo zoluntu, kwaye kungekhona "okungenasenzo".
Kuthekani ngombandela wethu? Umngcipheko wokutshaya ubonakalisiwe kwaye mkhulu, ukutshiswa kwecuba kunomhlaza, onoxanduva lwamashumi amawaka okufa kwangaphambi kwexesha ngonyaka. Umngcipheko wokufunxa yingqikelelo kwaye, ngokutsho kwamawaka ezifundo zenzululwazi esele zenziwe (sele zingaphaya kweminyaka elishumi yokujonga emva), ngokungenakuphikiswa akubalulekanga kunoko kudityaniswa necuba. I-vaping ayinabungozi kakhulu ngenxa yokuba icuba lombane alinalo icuba (ngaphezu koko icuba eliza kufudunyezwa alikhuphi).
Ngoko ke, ngokusengqiqweni, abanye abezobupolitika ngokucacileyo balatha kwicuba njengotshaba olupheleleyo kunye ne-vaping njengesinye sezisombululo. Le yingqiqo emva kwesicwangciso sokunciphisa umngcipheko wase-UK. Oku kukwakhokelela, eFransi, i-National Academy of Medicine ukucebisa ukuba abatshayayo batshintshele kwi-vaping "ngaphandle kokuthandabuza", okuthethelela ukudityaniswa kwe-vaping kumaphulo oluntu anjengeNyanga ngaphandle kweCuba kunye nonxibelelwano oluvela eSanté Publique France kunye Iziko lomhlaza leSizwe.
Noko ke, lo mgaqo wokulumkisa udla ngokusetyenziswa kakubi namhlanje. Ke, egameni lokukhangela ukhuseleko olupheleleyo, abanye abenzi bezigqibo banikela umva kwizisombululo zepragmatic, ukungathembi ukuqamba izinto ezintsha, ukuthanda ukushukuma okanye okubi ngakumbi, baphela ngamanyathelo achaseneyo. I-Vaping ngumzekelo ogqibeleleyo woku: kunokuxhasa icandelo ukuze likwazi ukuphuhlisa ngokufanelekileyo - ngomdla wabathengi, okwangoku kunye nekamva, kunye namashishini kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke into yoluntu - kukho isilingo "sokubulala" imveliso. emngciphekweni wokuthintela ngokunzulu umlo ochasene nokutshaya.
Kubo, ngesizathu sokuba kuya kubakho iingozi ezinokwenzeka kunye nexesha elide, i-vaping kufuneka ilwe ngendlela efanayo necuba. Egameni lale ngcaciso ephosakeleyo yomgaqo-nkqubo wokukhusela, i-cigarette ye-elektroniki ihlala ilixhoba lokuhlaselwa, ukunyeliswa, imiyalezo ephazamisayo kunye neenyaniso ezingezizo. Ngaloo ndlela, kwingxelo yayo ye-20 kaMeyi ephathelele ekusetyenzisweni kwemiyalelo ebizwa ngokuba yi-TPD, iKomishoni yaseYurophu, ngokuchasene nedatha eyaziwayo, ichaza "imiphumo ye-cigarettes ye-elektroniki kwimpilo" kunye "nendima ebalulekileyo yokuba 'babona i-cigarettes ye-elektroniki. dlala ekuqaleni kokutshaya', ukukhuthaza ekugqibeleni 'ukusetyenziswa komgaqo wokhuseleko kunye nokugcinwa kwendlela elumkileyo eyamkelweyo ukuza kuthi ga ngoku'.
Ekugqibeleni, siphakathi kwi-ford. Siyayikhuthaza le mikhuba kwelinye icala, sibeka amabala kwelinye!
Sivumela i-vaping iphuhlise kodwa asilixhasi icandelo kunye nezigidi zabathengi ekufikeleleni kulwazi olungcono.
Kubhengezwe “isizukulwana esingenacuba”, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kujongwe ukuba kuthintelwe ukufikeleleka kweemveliso zomphunga, okanye nokuba kucuthwe inani lencasa ekhoyo, kodwa eyona nto ibalulekileyo kwinkqubo yokunciphisa nokuyeka ukutshaya.
Sikhuthaza usetyenziso oluphantsi kweliso nolukhuselekileyo kodwa asivumeli icandelo ukuba libe nemigaqo efanelekileyo yazo zonke ii-e-liquids, sikhetha ukulishiya icandelo iminyaka eyi-10... ukuze lizilawule!
Iziphazamiso okanye ubuvuvu obuyingozi kwimpilo yoluntu nezidla ngokudala ukubhideka ezingqondweni zeentshayi ezifuna izicombululo.
Kungxamisekile ukudibanisa kwakhona kunye neziseko zomgaqo-nkqubo wokhuseleko. Kithina, oku kuthetha ukusebenza kumacala amathathu malunga neemveliso zethu:
- Yenza yonke into ukukhawulezisa kunye nokwandisa ukuyeka ukutshaya.
Izigidi zaseYurophu ziyaqhubeka nokutshaya nangona iingozi eziqinisekisiweyo kunye nawo onke amanyathelo aqinileyo athathwe kwiminyaka yakutshanje: ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, ukuvinjelwa kokutshaya kwiindawo ezivaliweyo ezivulekele uluntu, ukuqaliswa kokupakisha okungathathi hlangothi, amaphulo okwazisa, njl. EFransi ngokukodwa , ukuxhaphaka kokutshaya itshintshe kancinci ngaphandle kwala manyathelo.
Icuba le-elektroniki liqabane lobunzima: sesona sixhobo sisetyenziswa kakhulu[1] kunye neyona isebenzayo[2] ukuyeka ukutshaya. Isisombululo esenziwe ngumntu owayesakuba yintshayi, engqinwe zizigidi zabantu abangazange baphumelele ukuyeka ukutshaya ngenxa yolunye uncedo olufumanekayo, ngakumbi amayeza.
Ukuba ngenene eyona nto iphambili kukunciphisa ukuxhaphaka kokutshaya kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ngoko ke utshintsho ukusuka ekutshayeni ukuya kwivaping kufuneka lukhuthazwe kwaye lomelezwe, kwaye lungenziwa buthathaka ziimeko ezingacacanga ezithi ngokuzithandela zibhide icuba nomphunga, okanye izigqibo ezinokuthi zibathintele. , amavumba, iindawo zokuthengisa, njl.). Ingozi ikhona: i-barometer yamva nje eyenzelwe i-France Vapotage liziko le-Harris Interactive ibonisa ukuba uninzi lwe-vapers lunokuthi lubuyele ekutshayeni kwimeko yokunyuka kwexabiso (64%), uthintelo ekufikeleleni kweemveliso. 61%), uthintelo losetyenziso kwiindawo zikawonke-wonke (59%) okanye uthintelo lwencasa engaphandle "kwencasa yecuba" (58%).
- Qinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokhuseleko lwazo zonke iimveliso zomphunga.
EFransi kwaye ngokubanzi ngaphakathi kwi-European Union, inani elithile lezibophelelo kunye nolawulo luqinisekisa umgangatho weemveliso, ukhuseleko lwabathengi abadala kunye nokukhuselwa kwabantwana.
I-France Vapotage ibiza ukudala umgaqo oqiniweyo wokulawula kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ecacileyo kwi-vaping, ukwenzela ukuba kucaciswe ngokucacileyo kunye necuba, ukuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo kwee-vapers, ukuphepha nayiphi na ingozi kunye naluphi na ukukrokra. Ukuvalwa kokuthengiswa kwabantwana kufuneka kuqhubeke kuhlonitshwa. Ngumgaqo ongabonakaliyo.
Ngaphezu koko, namhlanje, ulwelo oluqulathe inikotini ngokufanelekileyo luphantsi kolawulo olungqongqo, akunjalo kwiimveliso ezingenayo inikotini. Ukulungelelaniswa kuyadingeka, kuba isakhelo kufuneka sichaphazele zonke iimveliso kunye nokubunjwa kwazo. Kuyavunywa ukuba, iingcali ezininzi ziye zakhokela. Kodwa oku kuzilawula ngokwakho akufani nomgaqo kwaye ngaphezu kwayo yonke into ayinakwenzeka kwixesha elide. Kanye, ukuba umgaqo wokukhusela kufuneka ukhokele isenzo soluntu, kulapha: indlela yokuchaza ukuba sivumela icandelo liphuhlise ngaphandle kokulinika isikhokelo solawulo esifanelekileyo nesanelisayo?
Apha kwakhona, i-barometer yethu yamva nje ibonisa inkxaso yoluntu kumanyathelo esiwacebisayo: i-64% yabantu baseFransi (kunye ne-78% ye-vapers!)
- Isiseko sokwenziwa kwezigqibo kwizifundo ezizimeleyo eziqinileyo nezingathandabuzekiyo.
Izifundo ezininzi ezizimeleyo zikhona, ezibonisa phakathi kwezinye izinto ukuba umphunga oveliswa ngumdiza we-elektroniki uqulethe ubuncinci ngama-95% ezinto eziyityhefu ezingaphantsi komsi wecuba.
Ngokuhambelana nomgaqo wokhuseleko, izifundo ezongezelelweyo kufuneka zenziwe ukucacisa iziphumo zomphunga kwimpilo yabathengi kunye nabo babangqongileyo, ngakumbi kwixesha elide. Kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho phando lunzulu kunye nolungenakuphikiswa luye lwabonisa umngcipheko ohambelana nokusebenza kwe-vaping: kwimeko yangoku yolwazi lwesayensi, akukho nto ithethelela intetho ye-alarmist.
Ixesha lifikile, lokuba iFransi njenge-European Union, ikhethe. Ukuba abasemagunyeni babhengeza imfazwe kwi-vaping, iziphumo ziyaziwa, zabonwa ngokomzekelo e-Italiya ngo-2017: ukwanda kokutshaya, ukuwa kwezoqoqosho kwishishini kunye nokulahleka kwemisebenzi, uphuhliso lwentengiso emnyama yeemveliso zomphunga, kwaye ekugqibeleni uninzi. ingeniso yerhafu ephantsi kunoko bekuqikelelwe.
Enye indlela kukusebenzisa ngokudibeneyo ithuba lembali elimelwe yi-vaping ngokuchasene nokutshaya, ngokuxhasa ishishini eliselula kuphuhliso lwalo lokukhusela abathengi.
[1]BEH 14-15, ngoMeyi 2018, uSuku lweHlabathi lweCuba lweHlabathi;
UGuignard R, uRichard JB, uPasquereau A, uAndler R, uArwidson P, uSmadja O, et al; iqela le-Health Barometer 2017. Imizamo yokuyeka ukutshaya kwikota yokugqibela ye-2016 kwaye idibanise neNyanga ye-Tobacco Free: iziphumo zokuqala zibonwe kwi-Health Barometer 2017. I-Bull Epidémiol Hebd. 2018;(14-15):298-303. http://invs.santepubliquefrance.fr/beh/2018/14-15/2018_14-15_6.html.
[2] Hajek P Ph.D., Anna Phillips-Waller, B.Sc., Dunja Przulj, Ph.D., Francesca Pesola, Ph.D., Katie Myers Smith, D.Psych., Natalie Bisal, M.Sc., Jinshuo Li, M.Phil., Steve Parrott, M.Sc., Peter Sasieni, Ph.D., Lynne Dawkins, Ph.D., Louise Ross, Maciej Goniewicz, Ph.D., Pharm.D., et al . Ulingo olungenamkhethe lwe-e-cigarettes ngokuchasene ne-nicotine-replacement therapy. N Engl J Med 2019 Jan 30; [e-pub]. (https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1808779)
