Inhloko ye-United States Federal Public Health Service isanda kushicilela umbiko oyingqopha-mlando ngodaba lukagwayi we-elekthronikhi, kodwa iziphetho zayo aziqinile ngokwanele ukuthethelela ukulawulwa okuqinile kwale mishini.
NgoJanuwari 11, 1964, i- UDkt Luther Terry, inhloko ye-United States Federal Public Health Service, yanyathelisa umbiko wokuqala kaDokotela Omkhulu Ohlinzayo ngezingozi zempilo zikagwayi. Lo mbiko awuzange nje usungule ukuhlobana phakathi kukagwayi nomdlavuza, kodwa wafakazela imbangela yangempela kanye nesixhumanisi somphumela phakathi kokusetshenziswa kowangaphambili kanye nokwenzeka kokugcina.
Isikhathi esiyingqopha-mlando sokulwa nokubhema. Lapho umkhulu wami, udokotela wamehlo eNyuvesi yaseCalifornia eLos Angeles futhi ebhema nsuku zonke kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe II nesikhathi sakhe esebuthweni lezempi, ebheka imininingwane esekelwe kulokho okutholwe yilo mbiko, wayeyeka ubusuku bonke . Ngemuva konyaka kukhishwe umbiko, umthetho wawudinga ukuthi wonke amaphakheji akhulume ngosaziwayo manje “ukuqaphela»kusuka kuDokotela Jikelele. Lo mkhankaso wokunciphisa ukubhema e-United States wawungomunye wempumelelo enkulu kakhulu yezifo eziwumshayabhuqe kwezokwelapha zesimanje.
Ngakho-ke, lapho i- UDkt.Vivek Murthy, uDokotela Jikelele wamanje, umemezele ukushicilelwa okuzayo kombiko wokuqala wesikhungo sakhe mayelana nokusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi phakathi kwentsha kanye nentsha, ngangilindele iqoqo ledatha elingase libhekane nengozi ebulalayo neyamukelekayo embonini ye-nicotine echumayo nengeyona yendabuko. Njengodokotela, noma nje njengomuntu osebenzelana nezwe langaphandle, ngibheka okungenani ukucindezela ukukhula kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi ezindaweni ebezingenawo ugwayi kuze kube muva nje. Nganginombono futhi wokuthi ngokuqukatha i-nicotine exutshwe nezithasiselo ezihlukahlukene, ugwayi we-electronic neminye imikhiqizo efanayo kwakucishe kube yingozi njengogwayi obhenywayo noma ohlafunwayo. Futhi ngethemba lokuthi umbiko uzohlanganisa ukuvalelisa ku-vaping, bengifuna ukuthatha isikhathi sokuwufunda ngokugcwele (noma cishe, wonke amakhasi angama-300).
Ugwayi we-elekthronikhi awukho eduze nakancane njengobungozi
Okwangimangaza kakhulu, kwakungefani nokuqabula kokufa engangikucabanga. Ngemva kokufunda, ngiphethe ngokuthi ugwayi we-elekthronikhi ukude kakhulu nokuba yingozi, kubantu abaningi, njengogwayi wendabuko noma 
ugwayi ohlafunwayo, izindlela ezimbili zokusetshenziswa ezibangela umdlavuza ngokusobala nezinye izinkinga eziningi zempilo ezingathi sína njengoba zihlala isikhathi eside. Ngokwalo mbiko, obhalwe ngokucacile ngezinga eliphakeme kakhulu lesayensi yendlela yokwenza izinto, akukho lutho olunjalo olungashiwo mayelana nogwayi we-elekthronikhi nezinto ezilingana nawo.
Ngokusobala, ukuveza intsha kanye nabantu abadala abasha kunoma yiliphi izinga le-nicotine kuyingozi. Kodwa indaba ayigcini lapho.
Umbiko uqopha ngokucophelela isimo sesayensi odabeni lukagwayi we-elekthronikhi, esikwaziyo, esingakwazi, ngaphandle kokunciphisa noma ukulinganisa ngokweqile noma yini. Nakhu esikwaziyo: ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi kuye kwakhula kakhulu phakathi kwentsha kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha eminyakeni emihlanu edlule; ukuthi izithasiselo zikagwayi we-elekthronikhi nabanye "amasistimu okulethwa kwe-nicotine kagesi» (noma KUPHELA “kwezinhlelo zokulethwa kwe-nicotine kagesi”) azinayo ingozi, ngokuphambene nalokho okuvame ukukholelwa; ukuthi imihwamuko ehogeliwe (ukukhuluma ngama-aerosol izofaneleka kakhudlwana) empeleni iqukethe amakhemikhali amaningi angase alethe izingozi zempilo - ngisho noma engekho ofika ezingeni lengozi lemikhiqizo ye-nicotine evamile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbiko ugxile entsheni kanye nabantu abadala abasebasha futhi uphawula okunye ukuhlobana phakathi kokusetshenziswa kwe-nicotine nokukhula okungavamile kobuchopho (ukuqonda, ukunaka, njll.), izinkinga zemizwa (futhi, kwabanye, ubudlelwano obungaba yimbangela nomthelela) nokunye okuhlobene nokuziphatha. ekusetshenzisweni kwezidakamizwa nezinto eziluthayo. Ngaphandle kokuthi ubufakazi bobudlelwane be-causal buncane futhi, empeleni, akumangazi ukuthi izingane ezisebenzisa ugwayi we-electronic zibika ezinye izinkinga.
Ezinye izinzuzo
Kukhona elinye iphuzu umbiko ocacile ngalo: abesifazane abakhulelwe akufanele baziveze (kanye nezinsana zabo) ku-nicotine, ngoba imiphumela ekukhuleni kobuchopho ingase ibe yingozi kakhulu. Ngaphandle kokuthi ngisho maqondana nombungu, ubufakazi obufakazela ukuhlobana phakathi kokuchayeka ku-nicotine nokulimala kobuchopho abanele ukukhombisa imbangela.
Sekukonke, ubufakazi buncane kakhulu. Ngokusobala, kunezizathu ezanele zokweluleka ngokuqinile intsha, abantu abadala kanye nabesifazane abakhulelwe ukuthi bangasebenzisi i-ENDS. Kodwa ngokuqinisekile abukho ubunzima bangempela bokuzisebenzisa.
Futhi kukhona ngisho izinzuzo ezithile. Yiqiniso, uma kufanele ukhethe phakathi kokweluleka isiguli sakho ukuthi sisebenzise i-ENDS noma cha, kufanele usitshele ukuthi singayisebenzisi. Kodwa uma ukukhetha kuphakathi kwe-ENDS futhi, yithi, ugwayi, i-ENDS ingcono kakhulu kuye nakuwe. Ukulimaza kwabo kubonakala kuncane uma kuqhathaniswa netiyela neminye imikhiqizo eyingozi ekhiqizwa intuthu kagwayi. Njengamanje, umbiko kaDokotela Omkhulu Wokuhlinza uyavuma ukuthi idatha iyakuvumela «ukubona ubukhona noma ukungabikho kwesixhumanisi esiyimbangela phakathi kokuchayeka ku-nicotine nobungozi bomdlavuza» azanele. Embikweni, idatha iphakamisa nokuthi, kubantu abadala, i-nicotine ingaba yinzuzo ekunakekelweni nasekukwazini ukugxilisa ingqondo (nakuba kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi okunye ukuhlaziya kuphethe okuphambene ngqo).
Ingabe kufanele sikhuthaze ukusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-electronic? Ngokusobala akunjalo. Kodwa ingabe i-ENDS iyindlela enhle esikhundleni sikagwayi? Akungabazeki, nakuba singazi ngempela uma zingamathuluzi asebenzayo okuyeka ukubhema. Kuleli phuzu, idatha etholakalayo ixubile. Umbiko kaDokotela Omkhulu Wokuhlinza ucacisa ukuthi idatha esivumela ukuthi sisho ukuthi ugwayi we-elekthronikhi uyasebenza ekuyekeni ukubhema «buthaka kakhulu». Ngaphandle kokuthi kufanele sithembeke futhi sicacise ukuthi lokhu futhi kunjalo kuyo yonke idatha ekhonjwe kudokhumenti futhi sikholelwa ukuthi ugwayi we-elekthronikhi uyingozi empilweni.
Idatha eyanele
Umphakathi ongenawo umlutha noma izinto ezinomdlavuza ungaba ofanelekile. Kodwa empeleni, iningi, uma kungeyona yonke, imiphakathi inobubi obuthile noma obunye. Futhi ukwethembeka kudinga ukuvuma ukuthi ukuchayeka okuthile kungcono kunokunye. Ukulutheka
I-caffeine emaphakathi ingcono kune-cocaine noma i-opiates. I-Nicotine kanye ne-e-cig vapors, kuyilapho ngokuqinisekile kuyingozi kakhulu kunokudla imifino noma ukuhogela amanzi amaminerali, ngokungangabazeki kuphakathi kwezinto eziyingozi kakhulu abantu noma umphakathi ongachayeka kuzo. (Futhi nazo ziphakathi kokungabizi kakhulu). Kwezinye izinhlobo, i-nicotine iyingozi kakhulu, kodwa lokhu ngokuyinhloko kungenxa yetiyela nezinye izithasiselo zikagwayi.
Kunoma yikuphi, kufanele futhi kushiwo okuthile mayelana nokunganaki okubangelwa ukuphindaphindeka kwezixwayiso zezempilo: lapho sikhala impisi ngazo zonke izingozi ezingase zibe khona zazo zonke izinto ezingenzeka futhi ongazicabanga, siziba izingozi zangempela. Ama-carcinogens ayisibonelo esiphelele. Ugwayi nogwayi yimikhiqizo emibili kwembalwa kakhulu eyaziwa ngokuqiniseka ukuthi ibangela umdlavuza kubantu - iqiniso eliye laboniswa kaningi. Ososayensi bathole okunye, njengokudla okuthile (ubhekeni) noma amakhemikhali (njenge-formaldehyde), ahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza, ngaphandle kwalokhu kuhlobana okukwazi ukusungula ubudlelwano bembangela nomphumela.
Kusukela ngo-2017, i-FDA ihlela ukwengeza ilebula «ISEXWAYISO: lo mkhiqizo uqukethe i-nicotine enobungozi bokuncika» kuwo wonke ama-ENDS. Singangeza lolu hlobo lwelebula ekhofini, ngaphandle kokumenyezelwa kweMpi Yezwe Yesithathu. Okuxakayo ukuthi, i-FDA namanje ayikacabangi ukuvimbela ukumaketha kwe-vaping ngokuqondile futhi iqondise ngokukhethekile intsha - futhi kukhona amathani ayo, noma ngabe ibiza ukuvukela umbuso, ubulili, nokuningi. «Amakha angu-7.000 atholakalayo» (kuhlanganise nengane encane "uswidi webhere"). Into abebengayenza kusukela ngo-2009, banegunya elisemthethweni. Futhi ngaphezu kwalokho, kungaba umkhankaso olula kakhulu ukuwenza.
Kodwa, okwamanje, abanayo idatha eyanele yokuthethelela ukulawulwa okuqinile kukagwayi we-e.
Umthombo : I-Slate.fr
