Kusukela ekufikeni kwawo emakethe, ugwayi we-elekthronikhi ube yindaba-mpikiswano futhi uphakamisa umbuzo wemithethonqubo efanele ngokwenqubomgomo yezempilo yomphakathi, ikakhulukazi mayelana nomthelela wawo ekusetshenzisweni kukagwayi ovamile.
Idatha ye I-NSDUH (Inhlolovo Kazwelonke Yokusetshenziswa Kwezidakamizwa Nezempilo) khombisa ukuthi phakathi kuka-2002-2003 kanye no-2012-2013 ukubhema kwakamuva (isimemezelo sokubhema enyangeni edlule) kwehle kusuka ku-13,5% kuya ku-6,5% eminyakeni engu-12-17 kanye ne-18- 25 42,1% à 32,8%. Kwakuphakathi nalesi sikhathi, ngo-2007, lapho ugwayi we-elekthronikhi wafika khona emakethe yaseMelika, ngaphansi kokuvinjwa kwamanye amazwe kuze kube ngu-2010. Ngemva kwalokho imakethe yaqala ngenani lokuthengisa eliphindeke kane phakathi kuka-2010 no-2012.
Kusukela ngo-March 2010, nokho, i-New Jersey yenqabela ukudayiswa kukagwayi we-electronic ezinganeni; kusukela mhla lu-1 kuMasingana wezi-2014, izifundazwe ezingama-24 zamukele lesi sikhundla. Inhloso yocwaningo olwanyatheliswa kuyi-Journal of Health Economics kwakuwukuhlola umphumela wemithetho ye-e-cigarette ekubhemeni phakathi kwentsha eneminyaka engu-12 kuya ku-17. Ababhali basebenzise idatha evela ku-NSDUH ukuze baqhathanise ukuvama kokubhema kulesi sibalo sabantu ezifundazweni zase-US ezivimbela ukuthengiswa kogwayi be-elekthronikhi kubantwana uma kuqhathaniswa nalabo lapho ukufinyelela kusemthethweni.
Ukucindezelwa ngokusobala okuphambene
Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ukunciphisa ukufinyelela kugwayi we-electronic kunciphisa ukwehla kokubhema phakathi kwentsha eneminyaka engu-12 kuya ku-17. Ezifundeni ezitholakala ezitolo ukubhema kwehlile ngo-2,4% njalo eminyakeni emi-2, ukwehla kuphela 1,3% ezifundeni zengcindezelo. Lo mehluko we 0,9% © bazizwa reprà ukwanda okungama-70% kokubhema kwakamuva phakathi kwentsha ezifundazweni ezinengcindezi.
Lo msebenzi ubonisa ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kokuthengiswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi ezinganeni kulithinta kanjani izinga labo lokubhema: ukufinyelela kwentsha yaseMelika kugwayi we-elekthronikhi kusheshisa ukwehla kokubhema kwabo, kuyilapho ukuvinjelwa kwakho kukhuthaza ukuqaliswa kokubhema.
Ukuhlaziya ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kokuthengiswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi kwabancane kuwathinta kanjani amanani entsha ebhemayo kakade kuphakamisa ukuthi siyakholelwa kumthelela we-e-cigarette ekusetshenzisweni kukagwayi. Imiphumela etholwe lapha isekelwa indlela eqinile yokuhlehla kwezibalo kanye nokukala izici ezithonya ukubhema. Kodwa lolu cwaningo lubuye lube nokulinganiselwa okuningi. Esokuqala sithinta ukuqoqwa kwedatha evela kwa-NSDUH, ehlanganisa isikhathi seminyaka emibili kuphela futhi enganikezi ulwazi ngokusetshenziswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi. Okwesibili kubhekwa " ukubhema kwakamuva ngaphandle kokucacisa ukuthi ukuhlolwa noma umkhuba ojwayelekile. Okokugcina, imakethe kagwayi we-elekthronikhi ayikazinzile futhi iyashintsha futhi le miphumela ayihluleli kusengaphambili imiphumela lapho kufinyelelwa ukulingana. Ngaphezu kwalokho, lolu cwaningo alulinganisi izinga lokusetshenziswa kogwayi we-elekthronikhi, ngakho-ke alukwazi ukukhuluma ngezinguquko kulokhu kuziphatha noma ngemiphumela yako yesikhathi eside.
Kuze kube manje, bekungakacatshangwa ukuthi ukuvinjelwa kokudayiswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi ezinganeni kungandisa ukubhema kwabo. Uma, njengoba idatha ekhona iphakamisa, ugwayi we-elekthronikhi unobungozi obuncane empilweni kunogwayi wendabuko, lesi simo singabuzwa. Iziqongo zokuqala zokubhema okuvamile zineminyaka engu-16 ubudala, ukuvimbela ukuthengiswa kukagwayi we-elekthronikhi kulabo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-16 kungase kube ngcono kunokuvinjelwa kulabo abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-18, ngokomphumela ekubhemeni kwentsha.
UDkt Maryvonne Pierre-Nicolas
Umthombo : Jim.fr
