Engxoxweni nengosi I-Observatory yezempilo", EBertrand Dautzenberg, uProfesa wezifo zamaphaphu emnyangweni wezifo zamaphaphu esibhedlela sasePitié Salpêtrière eParis, uxoxa ngemiphumela yokuluthwa ugwayi futhi unikeza iseluleko sendlela yokuyeka ukubhema.
INGXOXO NO-PR BERTRAND DAUTZENBERG
Ukubhema kuyingozi ngamuphi umthamo? ?
Ukufunxa okukodwa kukagwayi kunemiphumela eyingozi empilweni. Uma ingxenye yeziguli ezinomdlavuza wamaphaphu ibhema osikilidi abangu-400 ngaphambi kokuba bafe, ugwayi abambalwa bangase banele ukwenza umonakalo. Konke kuncike emiphumeleni yabo ohlelweni lwenhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Izingozi zincike ekutheni ubhema isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi ubhema kangakanani usuku ngalunye. Kodwa oyedwa kwababili ababhemayo ubulawa isifo esihlobene nogwayi.
Yiziphi izinto ezixhumene nengozi yomdlavuza ?
Kukhona i-benzopyrene okungenye yetiyela futhi ugwayi ngamunye wayo ukhipha cishe u-10 mg noma ngisho nama-nitrosamine, izinto ezikhona kugwayi kodwa futhi nentuthu yayo ehlala komata nakokhaphethi futhi ibangele lelo phunga elaziwayo likagwayi obandayo . Kukhona futhi ama-aldehyde ugwayi ngamunye aqukethe cishe u-0,1 mg. Yazi ukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho, ugwayi obhemayo ukhipha izinhlayiya eziyi-1 bhiliyoni ezifakwa emaphashini ababhemayo, futhi ziphinde zikhuthaze umdlavuza.
Ungakwazi yini ukuchaza umkhuba wokuluthwa ugwayi ?
Umuntu obhemayo ophuza ugwayi wakhe wokuqala ngehora lokuvuka ungaphezu kwakho konke umlutha we-nicotine, futhi lokhu kuncika okugxilwe “ku-motherboard” yobuchopho akunakulungiseka. Iminyaka owaqala ngayo ukubhema nayo inethonya: ukuqala ukubhema ngemva kweminyaka eyi-18 “nje” kushintsha ukuhlelwa kwamasekhethi obuchopho, ube “ngongabhemi” futhi kungenzeka. Kodwa uma uqala usemncane kakhulu, lapho ubhema phakathi nehora ngemva kokuvuka ekuseni, ukulutha kwe-nicotine kufakwe ebuchosheni futhi ngeke kuphume, ikakhulukazi kungase kulele. : sizobe sesikhuluma ngokukhululeka kodwa hhayi ukwelapheka. Ngakho-ke ngeke sikhulume “ngomuntu ongabhemi” kodwa “ngowayekade ebhema”. Nokho, kufanele wazi ukuthi manje kungenzeka ukucindezela isifiso sokubhema futhi kanjalo uyeke ngaphandle kokuhlupheka.
Yiziphi izinsiza esinazo ?
Ukuze welaphe ukuncika kugwayi ngokucindezela isifiso sokubhema, kufanele “uzigwaze” nge-nicotine. Okokuqala, ngiphakamisa ukugwema ukukhungatheka ngazo zonke izindleko, nge-nicotine substitutes kanye ne-e-cigarettes ukunciphisa kancane kancane isifiso sokubhema. Eqinisweni, uma usebenzisa i-nicotine replacement therapy, uzwa isifiso sogwayi futhi uwukhanyise, ukwazi ukuwubhema ngokuphelele, kungenxa yokuthi umthamo wokubuyisela i-nicotine awunamandla ngokwanele. Kufanele wazi ukuthi inani lama-nicotinic receptors ebuchosheni liyancipha uma lingashukunyiswa iziqongo ze-nicotine. Kubantu abaningi ababhemayo, ukwehla okuzenzakalelayo kwezinga lama-nicotinic receptors kubonwa ezinyangeni ezi-2 noma ezi-3 lapho isiqongo se-nicotine esinikezwa ugwayi sesicishiwe. Kodwa-ke, ama-patches noma ama-vaping akuvumela ukuthi ubambe imithamo emincane ye-nicotine ngokuqhubekayo, ngaphandle "kokuphakama".
