I-World Health Organization ifuna ukungazifaki izifundazwe ezikhiqiza ugwayi engqungqutheleni yomhlaba elandelayo mayelana nalesi sihloko. Kodwa ingabe kuwumqondo omuhle ngempela?
Ezinyangeni ezimbalwa, i-India izokwamukela eNew Delhi iziphathimandla zezempilo zomhlaba ezibaluleke kakhulu ukuze zibonise imithetho emisha ngogwayi. Lezi ziqondiso ezintsha zizothinta wonke amazwe emhlabeni; nokho izifundazwe ezimbalwa ngeke zikwazi ukubamba iqhaza kwinkulumompikiswano kaNovemba 2016, noma i-COP 7, ngokusho kwemithombo engaphakathi.
I-World Health Organization (WHO) yisikhungo sezempilo yomphakathi seNhlangano Yezizwe Ezihlangene (UN). Ihlangana kabili ngonyaka ngenxa ye-Framework Convention for Tobacco Control yayo. Le mihlangano isebenza ngendlela yasephalamende futhi ihlose ukulawula ukukhiqizwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kukagwayi. Amazwe angaphezu kwe-180 azomelwa ohlelweni lwesikhombisa lwengqungquthela yamaqembu (noma i-COP 7) eNew Delhi, kusukela ngoNovemba 7 kuya ku-12.
Ungafaki izifunda ezihlobene nogwayi
Emibhalweni eshicilelwe yi-Framework Convention, i-WHO iyabuza “ukungafakwa kwabamele imibuso enegunya elilodwa, noma ingxenye, kunoma iyiphi imboni kagwayi”. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-Framework Convention inethemba lokuthi izokwazi ukuvala "abameleli kanye nezikhulu ezikhethiwe zegatsha eliphezulu, lezomthetho kanye nezamajaji zohulumeni abathintekayo" ukuhambela ingqungquthela. Lo mzamo wokushiya ngaphandle izithunywa ezihlangene nemboni kagwayi uzokhipha ongqongqoshe bezezimali nabameleli emkhakheni wezempilo yomphakathi kanye nokuthuthukiswa komnotho.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ohulumeni banesibopho sokukhiqiza kukagwayi okungaphezulu kwama-40% emhlabeni jikelele. Amazwe amaningana axhasa izikhungo zocwaningo futhi akhuthaze ama-ejensi okukhangisa ukuze aqinise ukuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe. Isibonelo, i-China, i-Cuba, i-Egypt, i-Bulgaria, i-Thailand, kanye ne-India, izwe elibambe imihlangano ye-November Framework Convention, ngeke likwazi ukuba nelungelo lokumelwa phakathi nale ngqungquthela.
Ngasohlangothini lwabahleli beCOP 7, lokhu kushiywa ngaphandle kwabalingisi abanobudlelwano nezinkampani zikagwayi kusemthethweni. Abamele la mazwe baye uxwayise izintshisekelo zezempilo zomphakathi ezisengozini ezingxoxweni ezedlule », ngokwemithombo engaphakathi.
Ukuduba abahlanganyeli benkomfa nabameleli akuyona into entsha yeNgqungquthela Yohlaka. Okubi kakhulu, umhlangano unomsebenzi osekunesikhathi eside ukhona ukuvimbela abantu 
ukusebenza kule mboni ukuze babambe iqhaza noma bamelwe. Ngokwesibonelo, abalimi abathile baseNdiya abasebenza embonini kagwayi bakhala ngale mithetho eqinile, futhi banomuzwa wokuthi nalapha futhi ngabampofu abahluphekayo.
"Esikhundleni sokubhekana nalolu daba lwezobulungiswa bezenhlalakahle, ama-oligarchs e-WHO azohlangana eNdiya kwiNgqungquthela Yesikhombisa Yamaqembu (COP 7) ngaphansi kwe-WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control ngoNovemba 2016.", kusho u-BV Javare Gowda, umongameli wenhlangano yabalimi yomfelandawonye waseNdiya, ngesikhathi kunengxoxo yomphakathi namalungu ephalamende laseNdiya ebingoLwesine olwedlule eNew Delhi.
"Le ngqungquthela izokwehlisa isimo esivele sibucayi sabasebenzi baseNdiya abasebenza nezinkampani zikagwayi", uyakhombisa. Ucela uhulumeni waseNdiya ukuthi athumele ithimba labalimi ku-Framework Convention, ukuze kugwenywe ukubeka engozini abasebenzi abayizigidi ezimbalwa ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa impilo yomphakathi.
Izintatheli zaxoshwa
Ngokungafani nabalimi baseNdiya, abezindaba bavunyelwe ukuhambela ingqungquthela, kodwa abavunyelwe ukubuka izingxoxo. Ngokwesibonelo, e-COP 6 ngo-2014 eMoscow. "abezindaba baxoshwa ngokuhlelekile emihlanganweni ngaphandle kwencazelo", ngokusho kukaDrew Johnson, intatheli yakwa- Umshayeli wansuku zonke ohlale ehlanganisa ingqungquthela ebanjwa kabili ngonyaka. UJohnson uthi uke waba khona "besatshiswa ngokuboshwa, base bexoshwa ngokoqobo emihlanganweni yeningi okwakuthiwa".
Uma ukuvalwa kwemithombo yezindaba, kanye nanoma ngubani oxhumene nezinkampani zikagwayi, sekuyinsakavukela umchilo wesidwaba kuFramework Convention, ukuvimbela izikhulu ezikhethiwe ukuba zimelele izwe labo kulezi zingqungquthela kuyisinyathelo esisha senhlangano yeZizwe Ezihlangene.
ULaurent Huber, umqondisi omkhulu we-Action on Smoking and Health (i-NGO ezinze e-United States), ulindele Huffington Post ukuthi umphumela walezi zingxoxo uzoba "siqinise ukulawula kwemikhiqizo evela embonini kagwayi bese sinyusa izintela kule mikhiqizo".
Umthombo : counterpoints.org
