Ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule, izincwadi zathunyelwa iBritish American Tobacco kubadlali bezempilo yomphakathi. Ehlanganiswe kabusha, uSolwazi Bertrand Dautzenberg uyakugxeka lokhu " isimemo sokubambisana nezinkampani zikagwayi ukuze zibheme isigijimi sezempilo yomphakathi futhi zandise inzuzo yazo“. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-Alliance Against Tobacco izigxekile lezi zincwadi kanye nalo msebenzi wokunxenxa.
UMSEBENZI WANGEMPELA WOKULOBITHA!
«Kuwumsebenzi ohleleke kakhulu wokunxenxa abantu, isu lakudala lemboni kagwayi. Sekungamashumi eminyaka benza konke ukuze bahlwanyele ukudideka futhi baqhubeke nokuthengisa imikhiqizo yabo», kubabaza ocingweni USolwazi Bertrand Dautzenberg, udokotela wamaphaphu e-Pitié-Salpêtrière kanye nonobhala jikelele we-Alliance Against Tobacco. Lo dokotela ucasulwe kakhulu yincwadi ayithumelele umqondisi wezindaba zomphakathi, ezomthetho nezokuxhumana eBritish American Tobacco (BAT).
Incwadi evela kummeleli weqembu elithi "umholi womhlaba kugwayi", ethunyelwe ngeposi ebhalisiwe evuma ukuthi uyitholile, nokho inesizotha kakhulu. Ucela nje ukuhlangana noSolwazi Dautzenberg, ethi "kuyadingeka ukushintsha isofthiwe yokulwa nokubhema". Eqinisweni, incwadi ethunyelwe kudokotela wamaphaphu waseParis iyingxenye yomkhankaso omkhulu wokuxhumana, nodokotela abaningi, izazi ze-pulmonologists kodwa nodokotela bengqondo (addictologists). "Kusukela ngoJulayi 11, 2017, bonke abalingisi ekulweni nogwayi abathintekayo emkhakheni wokunciphisa ubungozi, bathole incwadi ebhalisiwe evela ku-British American Tobacco, inkampani kagwayi enolaka kunawo wonke, okuthiwa ibamema engxoxweni.", kuphetha uSolwazi Dautzenberg, oshicilele ifeksi yale ncwadi enkundleni yezokuxhumana i-Twitter.
Isimemo sami sokubambisana nezinkampani zikagwayi ukuze zibheme umlayezo wezempilo womphakathi futhi zandise inzuzo yazo👎😤 pic.twitter.com/6SIgZpFQD1
- UProf. B Dautzenberg (@parissanstabac) July 12 2017
Esitatimendeni, umbimbi ngokumelene nogwayi ngakho-ke uwugxeka kakhulu lo mkhankaso, ekhumbula lokho “I-athikili 5.3 ye-WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control, eyagunyazwa yiFrance, idinga ukuthi ukuxhumana nezinkampani zikagwayi kukhawulelwe ezingeni elilinganiselwe futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima. Izinhloso zabo zingqubuzana ngokuphelele nalezo zempilo yomphakathi!".
Kodwa uma inkampani kagwayi ifuna ngempelaukusheshisa ukushintshela kwababhemayo emaphethini aphansi wokusebenzisa ubungozinjengoba egomela, kungani odokotela kufanele benqabe ukubambisana nalolu hlelo olungasindisa ukuphila?
UKUKHUTHAZA IZIHLELO ZAKAGAYA OKUSHISA NJENGENCIPHO YENGOZI
KuProfesa Dautzenberg, lo msebenzi uwumzamo wokulinganisa imikhiqizo emisha eqanjwe izinkampani zikagwayi, ugwayi oshisayo, ngaphandle kokusha, ukugibela impumelelo ye-vape, ugwayi we-elekthronikhi. Le mikhiqizo, i-Ploom yase-Japan Tobacco, i-Iqos evela ku-Philip Morris noma i-Glo yase-BAT, iyimishini eyingxube phakathi kukagwayi ne-vaper. Basebenza ngokufaka kabusha okuqukethe ugwayi kanye nokungazweli kukagesi okuwushisa futhi kukhiqize umhwamuko. Zethulwa njengeziyingozi kakhulu kunogwayi abakhiqizi, ngaphandle kwemikhiqizo enobuthi kakhulu ebangelwa ukusha (ama-tars, i-carbon monoxide, njll.).
Lezi zisetshenziswa kanye nokugcwaliswa kabusha kwazo kuphumelela kakhulu e-Japan, lapho ukukhangisa kukagwayi kusavunyelwe. Lo mkhuba awunalutho eYurophu, lapho bewela ngaphansi kokuvinjelwa kokukhangisa imikhiqizo kagwayi. Ngakho-ke isifiso sabakhiqizi sokuzethula njengamathuluzi angasiza ababhemayo ukuba bayeke. Ngaleyo ndlela babengayithuthukisa ngaphandle kokuvinjelwa.
«Abakhiqizi bafunga kithi ukuthi logwayi oshisayo unobuthi obuncane kunogwayi, kodwa lokhu akufakazelwa nhlobo, futhi kufanele kube nokusha okuncane njengoba sithola imikhondo ye-carbon monoxide ku-vapor. kuphawula uSolwazi Dautzenberg. Namuhla, ugwayi ubulala umthengi oyedwa kwababili abathembekile. Ngisho noma ugwayi “osengozini ephansi” ubulala oyedwa kwabathathu noma oyedwa kwabayishumi, noma oyedwa kwabayikhulu, lokhu akukamukeleki.»
Udokotela wamaphaphu ukhumbula ukuthi umqondo ofanayo "wezempilo yomphakathi" wawubekwe phambili eminyakeni engaphezu kwamashumi amahlanu edlule lapho kudayiswa ugwayi wokuqala onezihlungi, wethulwa njengokucasula kancane emphinjeni izinkulungwane zodokotela baseMelika. Iqiniso elifihle ingozi ehlala njalo: “ngenxa yalokhu kucasuka komphimbo, intuthu yahogelwa ijula emaphashini, yandisa ingozi ye-emphysema kanye nomdlavuza wohlobo lwe-adenocarcinoma, eyingozi ngendlela efanayo nomdlavuza we-bronchi enkulu."Uthi.
Inkampani kagwayi yaseMelika iPhilip Morris International imkhankasela ngasese ukubukela phansi isivumelwano seWorld Health Organization (WHO) sokulawula ugwayi, imibhalo yenkampani yangaphakathi ebonwe ngabakwaReuters. Kuma-imeyili angaphakathi, izikhulu eziphezulu zikaPhilip Morris zithatha isikweletu ngokunisela ezinye izinyathelo ze-WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC), eyasayinwa ngo-2003 futhi abasayini bayo abangu-168 bahlangana njalo ngemva kweminyaka emibili.
Isivumelwano se-FCTC sigqugquzele inqwaba yezifundazwe ukuthi zikhuphule izintela zikagwayi, zishaye imithetho evimbela ukubhema ezindaweni zomphakathi, kanye nemilayezo eqinile yesexwayiso. Enye yezinhloso zikaPhilip Morris kube ukukhulisa ukuthamela kwezithunywa ezingezona ezezempilo emihlanganweni ye-FCTC ebanjwa kabili ngonyaka. Umgomo ofinyelelwe, njengoba izithunywa manje sezihlanganisa abameleli abaningi abavela ezinkonzweni ezihlobene nentela, ezezimali kanye nezolimo okungenzeka bagxile emalini engenayo yemboni kagwayi esikhundleni sokungalungi kwayo.
Umthombo : Figaro /Twitter
